176 Instinct and Intelligence 



Professor Pawlow has also shown that certain 

 areas of the neopallium form a " fundamental 

 mechanism," whereby new reflexes are ana- 

 lysed. Such analysers are, he believes, inces- 

 santly at work controlling the reactions of 

 living beings to their ever-changing environ- 

 ment. He finds that if the anterior half of the 

 cerebrum is removed all the conditional reflexes 

 which may have been previously established 

 are obliterated; the animal appears to have 

 lost all its normal relations with the outer 

 world; from a psychological point of view 

 such an animal is a perfect idiot. After 

 work on these lines extending over a quar- 

 ter of a century Professor Pawlow has 

 arrived at the conclusion that, "the cerebrum 

 is the organ for the analysis of sensations 

 and for the construction of new reflexes and 

 new movements." l 



If the evidence referred to in this and the 

 preceding chapters is trustworthy, and the hypo- 



1 Dr J. B. Johnston, in his exhaustive work on the Nervous 

 System of Vertebrates, p. 292, remarks that the evolution of the 

 cerebral hemispheres is associated with the mode of life of the 

 animal ; and the greater its size and internal complexity, so in 

 proportion is the perfection of the organism's adjustment to its 

 environment. 



