50 INTERNATIONAL LANGUAGE AND SCIENCE 



a suffix for the purpose of deriving from an adjective the 

 name of the corresponding quality. 



But our languages often require to express the inverse 

 relation, namely, that of the individual possessing a quality 

 to that quality. For just as there are names of qualities 

 which are derived from, adjectives, as beaute, gaiete, bellezza, 

 tapferkeit, gleichheit, so there are others which are primary 

 and from which, therefore, the corresponding adjectives are 

 derived: courage, courageux; joie, joyeux ; beauty, beautiful; 

 gliick, gl'dcklich ; freude, freudig. And, as one sees, our 

 languages employ in these cases a series of analogous 

 suffixes. The international language must evidently imitate 

 them, for it cannot decree that all the names of qualities 

 shall be derivative, nor that they shall all he primary ; that 

 would amount to an arbitrary uniformity contrary to the 

 spirit of our languages and probably also to our logical 

 instincts. The international language must, therefore, have 

 a suffix which will serve to derive from the name of a quality 

 the name of the possessor of that quality. That will be oz, 

 a Latin suffix (formosus, generosus, etc.), occurring very 

 frequently in the Romance and even Germanic languages 

 (jnysterib's, mysterious, mysterieux, misterioso}. This suffix 

 is the logical inverse of the preceding one (-es) and is quite 

 as indispensable as it. It is a curious fact that our languages 

 exhibit examples of the superposition of these two suffixes 

 considered in respect of their sense, if not their form : gliick, 

 glucklich, glucklichkeit ; beauty, beautiful, beautiful-ness. Latin 

 has derived formosus from forma ; Spanish in its turn has 

 derived hermosura from hermoso, etc. Languages also provide 

 us with frequent examples of the reciprocity of these suffixes. 



On the one hand, On the other hand, 



yaie gives gaiete ; joie gives joyeux ; 



gay ,, gaiety,- joy joyful; 



allegro ,, allegrezza, ; gioja ,, giojoso; 



froJdich ,, frb'ldichkeit ; freude freudig. 



