APPENDIX I. 77 



Belative and Interrogative Pronouns : qua = who, tvhich, what ; plural, 

 qui. Quo = what (indeterminate, general). 



Accusative (objective case). When the direct object of the verb precedes 

 the subject, the former is indicated by the inflexion -n : la homo quan vu 

 vidis = the person whom you have seen. 



Verb. Invariable in person and number. Endings of the principal 

 tenses : 



Passive 

 Infinitive. Indicative. Active participle, participle. 



Present -ar -as -anta -ata 



Past -ir -is -inta -ita 



Future -or -os -onta -ota 



Conditional, -us. Imperative, -ez. 



The auxiliary verb esar, to be, is used for the passive, and for the com- 

 pound tenses of the active. 



Passive. 



Present esas amata, or amesas = lam (being) loved. 



Past esis amata, or amesis = I was (being) loved. 



Future esos amata, or amesos = I will be loved. 



Conditional... esus amata, or amesus = J would be loved. 



Imperative ... esez amata, or amesez = be loved. 



Infinite esar amata, or amesar = to be loved. 



Compound Tenses of the Active. 



Perfect (me) esas aminta = (7) haveloved. 



Pluperfect (me) esis aminta = (J) had loved. 



Future perfect. . . (me) esos aminta = (7) shall have loved. 

 Past conditional (me) esus aminta = (7) should have loved. 

 The past tenses of the passive (indicating completed states) are formed by 

 means of the passive participle in -ita : 



(me) esis amita = (J) had been loved. 

 (me) esos amita = (J) shall have been loved. 

 (me) esus amita = (7) would have been loved. 



Derived adverbs are formed by substituting the ending -e for the -a of 

 the adjective or the -o of the noun : bone = well ; nokte = at night. \ 



