88 VARRO ON FARMING [bk. 



than the tree to which it comes. There is a second 

 way ' lately discovered of grafting tree upon tree, 

 when the two are close together. 



You bring from the tree which you mean to graft 

 to the one on which you intend to graft it a small 

 branch, and in a bough of the second tree which 

 has been cut off at the end and split, you insert the 

 small branch which is now in contact with the place 

 made ready for it, after the part which is to be in- 

 side has been whittled on both sides with a knife. 

 You must manage so that on the outside where it 

 will see the sky the inserted branch may have its 

 bark accurately adjusted to the bark of the bough 

 which receives it, and you must take care that the 

 top of the inserted branch stands straight up point- 

 ing to the sky. The next year when it has taken 

 well hold you cut it off from the other tree — that 

 from which it was grafted. 



CHAPTER XLI 



GRAFTS AND CUTTINGS 



I With regard to the proper time of grafting we 

 must note in particular those plants which used 



^ Est altera species. This method is described with his usual 

 clearness by Columella (v, xi, 13). By it, he says, "any kind 

 of shoot may be grafted on any kind of tree." The possibility 

 of this is denied by modern horticulturists, but, according to 

 Columella, it was a seven-years business, so that the method 

 may not have been given a fair trial in modern times. 



