ii6 HUMANE HORSE-TRAINING 



The jaws should be roomy and free from glandular 

 swellings. 



The neck should be muscular, and not level-necked 

 and unshapely, or too straight or " poky-necked." 

 The shoulder should be high and sloping to the withers. 

 An upright shoulder is not suitable for a riding horse, 

 yet quite in place for a harness horse, but, as my father 

 used to say, " A good horse never has a bad shoulder." 

 Good width between the legs and depth of girth denotes 

 good lungs and a good heart. The back should be short, 

 especially in the riding horse. It should be somewhat 

 arched across the loins and the ribs should expand, 

 especially between the last rib and the hip. This is 

 called " well-ribbed-up." Loose ribs, long barrels, 

 swamp backs, and roach backs are unpleasant to the eye, 

 and no horse is pleasing to the eye that is unproportioned. 

 Long barrels are not unwelcome in the case of a brood 

 mare. The quarters should be round and full of muscle. 

 The hips should be well developed. 



The Irish-bred horse usually has a low rump, and a 

 horse with a low nmip and fairly high withers is usually 

 a good jumper. Horses with very low rumps are known 

 as " goose-rumped." It is essential that a horse wanted 

 for jumping should have short quarters, the thighs 

 muscular and extending to the back, which should 



