14 INTRODUCTION. 



inches forward from its angle. The pulse beats in 

 the horse from thirty-six to forty per minute in 

 health, but may run up to over one hundred in 

 disease. 



PULSE OP CATTLE. 



The pulse in cattle is found on the lower jaw, 

 about the same place as in the horse, only a little 

 more to the outside. The number of pulsations per 

 minute in the cow is forty-five to fifty in health. 



TEMPERATURE. 



The average temperature of the horse in health 

 is from ninety-nine and a half to one hundred and 

 one and a half; in cattle ninety-nine to one hundred 

 and two. In disease, the temperature may rise as 

 high as one hundred and seven or even higher and 

 the animal live. In animals the temperature is 

 best taken in the rectum; the instrument can be 

 purchased from any of the instrument makers. 



RESPIRATION. 



When respiration is undisturbed it usually main- 

 tains a constant standard. In the adult horse it 

 varies from nine to twelve in the minute; in adult 

 cattle from fifteen to twenty. It is faster in young 

 animals. Exercise increases for the time being the 

 number; but after the animal has rested for a few 

 minutes it falls to its normal standard. If it should 

 keep up after being rested it indicates that there is 

 some disturbance; in this case the pulse should be 

 examined, and if it is not accelerated, that will indi* 

 cate that there is nothing serious; on the other 



