82 DISEASES OF HORSES AND CATTLE. 



a soft, frequent pulse, with more or less finer. 



Causes: It is often the result of sore throat or the 

 same causes as catarrh, and is ofteu caused by 

 smoke and the inhalation of irritating gases; ot 

 solids and fluids passing down the windpipe in- 

 stead of the gullet; changes of the atmosphere, as 

 prevailing cold winds combined with moisture, and 

 from a deranged condition of the system from 

 other diseases. I have seen some cases of it in 

 which I could not find any cause. 



Symptoms: The horse is dull, hangs its 

 head, the breathing is greatly increased, the 

 appetite is impaired, there is a short, dry 

 cough; in the early stages of the disease 

 t-he pulse is increased in frequency. As the 

 disease advances the cough becomes more trouble- 

 some; it is loud and rough. On placing the ear at 

 the root of the windpipe there will be a loud, rough 

 rattle, or if the smaller tubes are affected the sound 

 can be heard behind the shoulder. The difference 

 between bronchitis and laryngitis is, the sound 

 gets louder the farther down you put the ear on 

 the windpipe, and the sound can also be heard be- 

 hind the shoulder. In laryngitis it is loudest in the 

 upper part of the windpipe; also the animal can 

 swallow in bronchitis without difficulty, while in 

 laryngitis it cannot. It is therefore easily distin- 

 guished. After the first few days the cough be- 

 comes softer and the sound instead of being rough 

 is soft as if the air was passing through bubbles 

 of mucous. At this time the mucous membrane, 

 instead of being dry as at first, is now pouring out 



