DISEASES OP HORSES AND CATTLE. 203 



the place of fracture there will be, in the majority 

 of cases, a sinking of the muscle end; on applying 

 the ear to the part and moving the limb gently a 

 crepitating sound will be heard, the ends of the 

 fractured bones grating. If the fracture should be 

 in the hip joint treatment would be of no use, but 

 if the animal is a valuable mare, put it in a sling 

 and keep as quiet as possible, and if the muscles 

 swell apply cold water. I have seen a few cases 

 of fracture of the shaft of the hip bone unite and 

 the animal be as useful as before the fracture. 



Split or Fracture of the Pelvis (Symphysis Pu- 

 bis) _This happens frequently in fat cattle if kept 

 on slippery floors, the feet spreading and the ani- 

 mal falling, causing a split in the union of the two 

 bones, called the pubic bones. In this case nothing 

 can be done in the way of treatment. 



Fracture of the Tuberosity of the Ischium.— 

 This is caused from the patient falling back on its 

 buttock. The symptoms of this are an alteration 

 in the shape of the buttock. On moving the part a 

 crepitating sound will be heard; there will be some 

 lameness and swelling. If the bone is not de- 

 tached it will soon reunite if the animal is given 

 rest. Very little treatment is needed in this case. 

 If the pari swells much, bathe it several times 

 daily with cold water. If it becomes detached 

 matter will form, and on opening the part the de- 

 tached bone can be removed and the wound 

 treated as usual. 



Fracture of the Femur (Thigh Bone).— This frac- 

 ture is caused by the animal falling with its leg 



