DISEASES OF HORSES AND CATTLE. 219 



as the other joints of the limb. The causes are 

 principally falls or injuries, such as kicks, and 

 sometimes rheumatism. 



Symptoms : There will be some swelling, which 

 can be easily detected by standing behind the ani- 

 mal and viewing both hip joints, and if the animal 

 is standing solid on both hind feet there will be 

 no difficulty in seeing the slightest swelling, if 

 there be any. In severe cases the horse will hop 

 and catch in the lame leg. When the animal is 

 moved and while at rest it will usually hold up the 

 leg off the ground, the muscles below the hip sup- 

 porting the limb. Heat may be felt over the seat 

 of lameness and pain caused by pressure. At first 

 the muscles seem to be elevated, but if it lasts long 

 the muscles soon waste. 



Treatment: Give the animal complete rest, and 

 if it rests on the toe benefit will be obtained by put- 

 ting on a high-heeled shoe; but if the animal holds 

 its foot off the ground, it would do more harm 

 than good from the extra weight of the shoe. In 

 the early stages of the disease bathe with cold 

 water and apply some of the lead lotion before 

 mentioned. In the second stage hot water is the 

 best, and apply a little of the following after each 

 bathing: Tincture of opium two ounces, tincture 

 of arnica two ounces, fluid extract of belladonna 

 one ounce, water four ounces. After all swelling 

 and heat are removed and the animal still lame, 

 blister the part with cantharides two drams, lard 

 one ounce. Let it remain on for twenty-four hours, 

 then wash off and apply a little lard. Repeat in 



