DISEASES OF HORSES AND CATTLE. 297 



so that the inner margin will be as close as the 

 outer. If the skin on the outer surface only is 

 brought together the inner edge will gap and 

 union will not take place. When the pins are 

 placed through each margin, then tie a thread in 

 +he form of the figure eight around the ends of the 

 pin; let them remain in until it heals. Pins are 

 |best for such wounds, as they will remain in much 

 longer without sloughing than silk thread or su- 

 ture wire. It will be necessary to put a wide band- 

 age over it to prevent the disturbing of the pins. 

 If swelling takes place, bathe with cold water. 



Stricture of the Lachrymal Duct. — The lachry- 

 mal duct is a tube which extends from the inner 

 corner of the eye to the nose to conduct the tears 

 down to the nose, and anything that obstructs this 

 causes the tears to flow over the cheek, irritating 

 the skin, causing the hair to drop out. Very often 

 this can be remedied by entering a small syringe at 

 the top in the inner corner of the eye and forcing 

 water down through it. If you do not succeed in 

 this way it will be necessary to use a suitable 

 "bougie" to dilate it; this may have to be used once 

 daily for several days. 



Cataracts. — Cataract is one of the sequels to 

 periodic ophthalmia, although it appears without 

 causing any inflammation, but is usually caused by 

 some injury to the eye. 



Symptoms: The first thing noticed is a gray or 

 white speck (star-shaped) in the transparent part 

 of the eye. In some cases they develop very rap- 

 idly and in others the progress is slow. As they 



