3G0 DISEASES OF HORSES AND CATTLE. 



or if the milk is skimmed, there is great danger of 

 it forming a solid coagulum, or it may be in coagu- 

 lated pieces, and these become so hard that gas- 

 tric juice takes no effect on them, or the hard pieces 

 may form in the intestines, causing irritation, 

 resulting in diarrhoea of a very offensive kind. 1 

 have prescribed for cases of this kind, and usually 

 relieved them. I have made post-mortem examina- 

 tions of calves dying from this disease and found 

 masses above mentioned so hard and large that 

 it would be impossible for them to pass through 

 the bowels. There are also acid secretions that 

 form in the intestines, causing the milk to curdle, 

 separating it into curds and whe3 r , producing what 

 is known as "white scours" in calves, causing them 

 to lose flesh very rapidly, and in some cases death. 

 To prevent this the calf should be fed often and in 

 small quantities, for the first few days, on milk 

 from as fresh a cow as possible. After the calf is 

 a few days old it should have some boiled flaxseed 

 mixed with its milk. (Oil meal is not good.) Boil 

 a teacupful of flaxseed in three gallons of w r ater 

 into a pulp, and when it is cool mix a teacupful of 

 this pulp in each calf s milk. This will prevent it 

 from forming into a hard lump, and it is very nu- 

 tritious. If the animal should get into the condi- 

 tion above mentioned, it will be necessary to give 

 it a dose of castor oil from two to four ounces, ac- 

 cording to the size and age of the calf. The oil 

 should be made into an emulsion, with two drams 

 of bicarbonate of potassium and sufficiency of 

 water. This should be succeeded by giving half a 



