APPENDIX. 395 



laconic, stating nothing more than — " Don Fulanowill pass through the town 

 of San Luis on such a day: he has my passport ; receive him politely ; give him 

 whatever assistance he may stand in need of, — but, take care that he pass not 

 the wood on the other side San Luis. — Prontitud y silencio, asi conviene la bien 

 de la Patria /" He made it appear, that previous to the departure of San 

 Martin, he had, in conversation with him, received a verbal order for the mas- 

 sacre of the Spaniards, lest they should take part with Carrera. 



Frivolous as this defence was, it had some weight with the pusillanimous 

 and ignorant court by which he was judged. They were accustomed to 

 tremble at the name of San Martin, and could not divest themselves of fear. 

 They dreaded a vicissitude in their affairs by which San Martin might be 

 enabled to reassume his authority ; in which case they would be responsible to 

 him if they acted by his favourite as his crimes deserved. Thus the sentiments 

 of fear overbalanced those of justice ; and the tyrant who had a thousand 

 times forfeited his vile existence by his viler deeds, was only sentenced to be 

 transported in irons to La Arioja; from whence he escaped, and followed his 

 master to Lima, to inform him of the wonderful metamorphosis of America 

 beyond the Andes. San Martin received him with the regard due to an able 

 and faithful assistant in his iniquities, and appointed him to the command of 

 the Castella de la Independencia in Callao. 



After the dismission of the Congress in Buenos Ayres, the supreme power 

 was invested in the Cabildo, over which presided Don Pedro Aguirre Al- 

 calde de Primer Voto. The treaty of peace now commenced ; and after a 

 few days' negotiation, overtures were agreed to and signed by the stipulating 

 parties. The articles of the treaty of Pilar were as follows, viz. — 



" That the war carried on by the Federalists against the government of 

 " Buenos Ayres and her allies in the United Provinces was just, in every 

 " acceptation of the word ; and had for its principal object and' end, the 

 " emancipation of America in general, not only from her foreign, but also 

 " from her domestic, yoke, which was still more galling and illiberal. 



" That the many petty governments and independent states bordering on 

 " each other were inimical to, and incompatible with the peace, good order, 

 " and prosperity of the nation ; war being inevitable whilst each petty 

 " governor had exorbitant and avaricious desires to gratify, and a military 

 '« force under his command. 



" That a Federal government was the most effectual preventative against 



3 e 2 



