292 BIRDS OF PENNSYLVANIA. 



district only as a spring and fall migrant ; Dr. Yan Fleet lias noted it in 

 Clinton, Clearfield and Northumberland counties, likewise Prof. A. 

 Kock in Ly coming county, only as a bird of passage in the spring and 

 fall. Although occurring during migrations generally throughout the 

 commonwealth, the present species is, according to my observation, 

 oftener met with in the pine and hemlock woods than elsewhere. Like 

 the Bed-poll Warbler (D. palmarum, or its near relative hypoclirysed) 

 the Pine Warbler is frequently seen on the ground. Feeds, like other 

 of its kindred, on divers kinds of insect life, and occasionally this diet 

 is varied bv a few small berries and seeds. 



Dendroica palmarum (GMEL.). 



Palm Warbler. 



DESCRIPTION! 



Length about 5| ; extent about 8 ; above brownish-olive ; back narrowly streaked 

 with dusky ; rump and upper tail-coverts yellowish-olive ; top of head chestnut ; 

 tips of middle and greater wing-coverts paler than surrounding parts, but not form- 

 ing distinct bars ; inner webs of two outer pairs of tail feathers white to ends ; su- 

 perciliary stripe dull whitish or yellowish ; lower eyelids whitish ; under parts dull 

 whitish and yellowish, the latter most conspicuous on throat, forebreast and under 

 tail-coverts ; breast and sides streaked with grayish-brown or pale reddish- brown ; 

 wings and tail-feathers dusky brown. 



Habitat. Northern interior to the Great Slave Lake ; in winter and in migra- 

 tions, Mississippi valley and Gulf States ; including western and southern Florida 

 and the West Indies. Casual in the Atlantic states. 



D. palmarum hypochrysea, Ridgw. (Yellow Palm Warbler), is a little larger than 

 true palmarum, from which it differs also in having under parts much brighter and 

 almost continuous yellow ; and the bright reddish-chestnut streaks in spring adults 

 are almost wholly confined to the sides of breast and lower part of neck (sides) ; bill 

 blackish ;' base of lower mandible paler ; legs brownish ; soles of feet yellow. 



Habitat. Atlantic states, north to Hudson's Bay. Breeds from New Brunswick 

 and Nova Scotia northward ; winters in the south Atlantic and Gulf States. 



The Yellow Palm Warbler is the common form which I have found in 

 Pennsylvania east of the Allegheny mountains. It also occurs west of 

 the Alleghanies, where the Palm Warbler (D. palmarum} is reported as 

 a regular spring and fall migrant. I have taken one or two birds in the 

 autumn, in southeastern Pennsylvania, which appear to be good exam- 

 ples of Dendroica palmarum, but from a large series of skins before 

 me I am thoroughly convinced that Dendroica palmarum hypochrysea 

 is the common bird in eastern and central Pennsylvania and that Den- 

 droica palmarum occurs in the eastern two-thirds of the state, and 

 doubtless throughout the entire state chiefly as a rare visitor during 

 migrations. These warblers arrive here usually about the 20th of April 

 (some seasons individuals are seen as early as the first week in April in 

 the southern parts of Chester, Delaware and Lancaster counties) and 

 are commonly observed for about a week or ten days. Found generally 

 on the ground, in fields, along fences and by the roadsides. In the au- 

 tumn they return late in September, and frequent the same situations 



