218 APPENDIX. 



IX. SHAPE OF BILL ADAPTED TO FOOD. 



1. Short and stout, for cracking seeds. Grosbeak, cross- 

 bills (crossed for getting out spruce and pine seeds), purple 

 finch, indigo-bird, junco, snow bunting, bobolink, sparrows, 

 chewink. 



2. Long and slender for holding worms. Thrushes, war- 

 blers, orioles, kinglets, brown creeper. 



3. Hooked at end to hold insects. Vireos, flycatchers. 



4. Long and heavy for drilling holes in trees. Wood- 

 peckers. 



5. Slender and delicate for reaching insects at bottom of 

 flower tubes. Humming-bird. 



6. Large and long for holding fish. Kingfisher. 



X. WHERE CERTAIN BIRDS NEST. 



1. On the ground. Meadow-lark (meadows and fields), 

 white - throated sparrow, partridge, snow bunting, night- 

 hawk, bobolink, junco, oven-bird, song sparrow, hermit 

 thrush, Maryland yellow- throat, black and white creeper, 

 chewink, whippoorwitl, vesper sparrow. 



2. In holes. a. Holes in trees and stubs: Woodpeck- 

 ers, nuthatch, chickadee, bluebird, great-crested flycatcher. 



b. Holes in river and other banks : Kingfisher, bank 

 swallow. 



3. In orchards. Kingbird, goldfinch, waxwing, summer 

 yellow-bird, chipping sparrow, catbird, robin, blue jay, red- 

 start, cuckoo, least flycatcher. 



4. About houses, sheds, and barns. Robin, phcebe, eave 

 swallow, chimney swift, bluebird (in knot-holes in out- 

 houses or in bird boxes), chipping sparrow. 



5. In bushes. Cuckoo, chipping sparrow, catbird, rose- 

 breasted grosbeak, red-eyed vireo, Wilson's thrush, red- 

 winged blackbird, song sparrow, yellow warbler, indigo 

 bunting, brown thrasher. 



