GENERATION OF ANIMALS, II. vi.-vii. 



it is unconcocted substance which constitutes residue, 

 and the most unconcocted substance in animals' 

 bodies is the earthy substance, and man has a smaller 

 amount of earthy residue than the other animals. 



We have now described how each of the parts takes 

 shape, and what is the cause of their formation. 



In viviparous animals, as stated earher," the embryo V'll 

 obtains its growth through the umbilical attachment, t'^n "ft^g 

 Since the nutritive faculty of the Soul, as well as the embryo, 

 others, is present in animals, it immediately sends off 

 the umbilicus, like a root, to the uterus. The lunbili- 

 cus consists of blood-vessels in a sheath. In the 

 larger animals, such as the ox and the hke, it contains 

 numerous blood-vessels, in medium-sized animals, 

 two, and in the smallest, one. Through this the 

 embryo gets its nourishment, i.e., blood ; the uterus 

 being the terminus of many blood-vessels. The 

 cotyledons * (as they are called) are present in the 

 uterus (o) of all those animals which have no front 

 teeth in the upper jaw, and (6) of those which have 

 teeth in both jaws and also have a cluster of blood- 

 vessels running right through the uterus instead of a 

 single large one. The umbilicus is connected up to 

 these cotyledons and firmly attached to them ; for 

 the blood-vessels which pass through the umbilicus 

 extend in both directions and branch out all over the 

 uterus, and it is at their terminal p)oints that the coty- 

 ledons are formed. Their convex side is towards the 

 uterus, their hollow side towards the embryo. Be- 

 tween the uterus and the embryo are the chorion 

 and the membranes. As the embryo grows and 



uterus into which the villi of the outer membrane of the 

 embryo fit. For the meaning attached to the term by 

 Diocles, see Welbiiann, reference in note on 746 a 19 below. 



239 



