GENERATION OF ANIMALS, IV. iv. 



kidneys. Also, there are instances of the parts 

 changing their position, due to diversion of the 

 " movements " and change of position of the material. 

 Whether an animal which is a monstrosity is to be 

 reckoned as one or as several grown together depends 

 upon its " principle " ; thus, assuming that the heart 

 is a part answering to this description," a creature 

 which possesses one heart will be one animal, and 

 any supernumerary parts will be merely redundant 

 growths ; those, however, which have more than one 

 heart we shall reckon as being two, which have grown 

 together owing to the conjoining of the fetations. 



It often happens, even with many animals that do (d) other 

 not appear to be deformed and have actually reached formations. 

 complete development, that some of their passages 

 have grown together, and that others have been 

 diverted. We know of instances of women in whom 

 the OS uteri was grown together and continued so 

 until the time arrived for the menstrual discharge to 

 begin and pain came on ; in some, the passage burst 

 open of its own accord, in others, it was separated by 

 physicians ; and in some cases, where the opening 

 either was forcibly made or could not be made at 

 all, the patients succumbed. There have been in- 

 stances of boys in whom the termination of the 

 penis has not coincided with the passage through 

 which the residue from the bladder passes out, so 

 that the passage came too low ; and on this account 

 they sit in order to pass water, and when the 

 testes are drawn up they seem from a distance to 

 have both male and female generative organs. 

 There have also been instances in certain animals, 

 sheep and others too, where the passage (for the 



''■' ' " Viz., the " principle." 



445 



