70 



BOOK III. 



A — The " beginning.' 



B — The ' end." C — The 

 E — Transverse vein. 



HE.-iD. 



D — The " tail." 



A vena cumulata has a " beginning," an "end," a " head," and a 

 " tail," just as a vena profunda. Moreover, a vena cumulata, and hkevv^ise 

 a vena dilatata, are often cut through by a transverse vena profunda. 



Stringers [flhrae)^, which are Uttle veins, are classified into fibrae trans- 

 versae, fibrae ohliquae which cut the vein obliquely, fibrae sociae, 

 fibrae dilatatae, and fibrae incumbentes. The fibra transversa crosses 

 the vein ; the fibra obliqua crosses the vein obliquely ; the fibra socia joins 

 with the vein itself ; the fibra dilatata, like the vena dilatata, penetrates 

 through it ; but the fibra dilatata, as well as the fibra profunda, is usually 

 found associated with a vein. 



The fibra incumbens does not descend as deeply into the earth as the 

 other stringers, but lies on the vein, as it were, from the surface to the 

 hangingwall or footwall, from which it is named Subdialis.'' 



In truth, as to direction, junctions, and divisions, the stringers are not 

 different from the veins. 



*It is possible that " veinlets " would be preferred by purists, but the word " stringer " 

 has become fixed in the nomenclature of miners and we have adopted it. The old English 

 term was " stringe," and appears in Edward Manlove's " Rhymed Chronicle," London, 

 1653; Pryce's, Mineralogia Cornubiensis, London, 1778, pp. 103 and 329; Mawe's " Mineralogy 

 of Devonshire," London, 1802, p. 210, etc., etc. 



''Subdialis. " In the open air." The Glossary gives the meaning as Ein tag klufft 

 Oder tag gehenge — a surface stringer. 



