142 



CIRCULATING FLUIDS 



in the animal organism, it is developed b}'^ those very processes 

 for which its existence is indispensably necessary. 



On animal heat. 



The temperatm'e of every animal is higher than that of the 

 surrounding medium. The temperature of the human body in 

 those internal parts which are most easily accessible, such as the 

 mouth and rectum, is usually between 97°' 7 and 98°-6. The 

 temperature of human blood varies from 100°-6 to 101°-75 in a 

 state of health, but in disease it may rise to 106° or 107°. In 

 morbus ccendeus and in cholera the temperature falls consider- 

 ably : in the former the hand could only raise the thermometer 

 to 78°- 8, and in the latter, tlie heat of the mouth raised it only 

 to 78°-8, and in another experiment to 77°, In healthy persons 

 the temperature is said to attain its maximum during the day, 

 and to fall from 1"8 to 2*7 degrees during sleep. In warm cli- 

 mates Dr. Da^T found the temperatiu'e of the interior of the 

 body 2°*7-3°*6 higher than in temperate climates. 



Tiedemann^ has given the following table regarding the tem- 

 peratme of birds, which is higher than that of any other class 

 of animals. 



Tiedemann and Rudolphi have also made an extensive series 

 of observations regarding the temperature of the mammalia. 

 The following is derived from their tables : 



Degrees. 

 Bat (Vespertilio pipistrellus) . . 106 to 105 



Squirrel • . . . .105 



Sheep 104 to 100-4 



' Tiedemann's Physiologic, vol. 1, p. 454. 



