BLOOD. 181 



constitute only O'l^ of the weight of the dried blood. A 

 portion of this colouring matter is taken up with the ex- 

 tractive matters from which Ave cannot separate it ; another 

 portion may be lost if the alcohol used for the separation of 

 the haematin from the globulin is not of sufficient strength. In 

 this case, on saturating with ammonia, a sulphate of ammonia 

 is precij)itated, and its removal is associated with a further loss 

 of hsemaphsein. The hsemaphsein always retains a little fat. 



Salts and extractive matters. These substances, with due 

 caution and experience, may be determined with considerable 

 accuracy. They must be separated from the hsematoglobulin 

 by the addition of dilute spirit, and to ensm'e a tolerably 

 perfect separation, the whole should be allowed to stand from 

 eighteen to twenty-four hours. I have already mentioned the 

 com'se that must be adopted in case any of the haematoglo- 

 bulin should be retained in the alcoholic solution. If the ex- 

 tractive matters and salts are evaporated on the water-bath to 

 a slight residue, and then treated with auhydi'ous alcohol, the 

 alcohol-extract Avill be dissolved and may be estimated. I do 

 not know how to separate htemaphsein from the extractive 

 matters. In order to determine the salts, the extractive 

 matters must be incinerated. By treating the (incinerated) 

 residue with hot alcohol of '85, Ave take up the chloride of 

 sodium. The residue must be dissolved in a little water, and 

 rendered neutral by the addition of acetic acid. The acetates 

 of potash and soda may now be taken up by alcohol. These 

 salts correspond with the lactates, i There still remain the 



' [The existence of lactic acid and the lactates in the animal fluids is denied in 

 toto by the Giessen school. 



Enderlin's conclusions regarding the recently incinerated ash of blood may be 

 summed up in the following terms : 



1. The ash does not effervesce on the addition of an acid. 



2. Hot water pom'ed on the ash becomes alkaline ; it holds in solution alkaline 

 phosphates and sidphates, chloride of sodimn, and sometimes chloride of potassium, 

 but no other salts. 



a. On the addition of a neutral solution of nitrate of silver to this fluid, there is a 

 yellow precipitate, which is partly soluble in nitric acid ; a portion, however, con- 

 sisting of chloride of silver, remaining undissolved. The addition of nitric acid 

 causes no effervescence. On neutralizing the acid filtrate with ammonia, a yellow 

 precipitate of tribasic phosphate of silver (3Ag 0, PO^) is thrown down. 



b. On treating the aqueous solution of the ash with a solution of chloride of cal- 



