498 Div. 3. ARTICULATA.— IKSECTA. Class 3. 



Slenolu, hits, Zeii^l., dilt'ers in liavini< the iienultiiuate joint of Ihe fnur anterior tarsi— at least in the males, and 

 the same in the posterior tarsi in some species— diviiled to the base into two lobes. Type, Varabas vapoiario- 

 rum, Linn., &c. 



Acupnlpiix, Latr., in which the four anterior tarsi differ but slightly from the posterior, with tlie intermediate 

 joints rounded, nearly moniliform, and villose. The outer palpi are terminated by a joint pointed at the tip. They 

 are very small, and seem to unite with Trechus. Type, Carabus mer'uUanus, Linn., [a very common little English 

 specie--]. 



[Many adflitional genera, allied to llarpaUis, have been separated by Dejeaii, Laporte, Chaudoir, 

 Eriuhbuii, and other continental Entomologists; hut they are, for the most part, founded upon minute 

 structural characters, not reipiiring notice in this edition.] 



4. Til! fourth section, Simplictmani, approach the preceding in the manner in which the elytra 

 are terminated ; but the two anterior tarsi are alone dilated in the males, without forming a square or 

 orhicidar ])late. Sometimes the first three joints are evidently larger, and the following is always 

 much smaller than tlie precedii'g. Sometimes this and the two preceding are broader, nearly equal, in 

 the shape of a heart reversed, or triangular. The basal joints of the four succeeding tarsi are slenderer 

 and longer, nearly cylindrical, or in the shape of a long reversed cone. Some have the ungues of the 

 tarsi simple, or without teeth. 



Ill a first subdivision, of considerable extent, the third joint of the antennae is at most as long again 

 as the preceding joint ; the legs robust ; and the thorax, in its broadest part, as wide as the elytra. 

 Sometimes the mandil)les are evidently shorter than the head, and do not e-xtend beyond the labrum 

 more than half their length. 



We commence with those which have all the outer palpi filiform. 



Zabnis, Honelli, has the last joint of the maxillary palpi sensibly shorter than the preceding, and the two anterior 

 tibix are terniinatod by two spines. Type, Caca6»i (/i66!(.s, Fabr., [a species of not very common occurrence in 

 this country, and which has been ascertained to feed upon growing corn]. 



Pot/onus, Zeisrl., which in the natural order appears allied to Amara, has the two basal joints alone, of tlie ante- 

 rior tarsi, dilated in tlie males, tlie basal joint l)eini( the largest. The body is more oblong. These insects appear 

 exclusively to iiihaliit the sea-coast, or the shores of salt water. [Ilarpnlns liaidipcnnis, Gerinar.] 



Ti'tragoiiodenis, Dcjeaii, has theanterior tarsi of the males proportionately less dilated than in tlie following, the 

 bas;d Ji>ints being narrower and more elongated, and rather in the shape of a reversed cone than a heart. They 

 are peculiar to South America, [llarpalus circumfiisus, Gerniar.] 



Feroiiia, Latr., has the anterior tarsi of the males, with the three first joints strongly dilated, obcordatc, with 

 the second and third rather transverse than longitudinal. This subgenus comprises a great number of generic 

 groups, indicated by Uejean in his Catalogue, which are as follow : — Amara, ra-cUiis, Argiiior, Omnsciis, Phity.sma, 

 Ptei-osfirlms, Abax, Steropun, Percits, Molops, and Cophosus. Dejean, however, having perceived the difficulty of 

 characterizing them, united them all, with the exception of the first, into a great generical group, for which he re- 

 tained my name Fe^'oii/a. liut as to ..-iwincrr, I have in vain searched for characters to distinguish it from the 

 other genera. That derived from the tooth of the notch of the mentuni, not to speak of its unimportance, is a very 

 equiv ical character. This tooth, in all these Carabici, appears to me to have a notch at its tip, but rather more 

 distinct and deep in some than in others. The moniliform structure of the antenna; of some of the groups appears 

 to me not to be assignable with precision to the limits of such groups. I may say the same of the concavity of 

 the front margin of the labrum, and the form of the thorax. 



The Feroiiiw may be arranged in three sections. — 1st. The species generally winged, which have the body more 

 or less oval ; sli^^litly convex or arched above, with the aiilenn.-e more liliforni ; the head proportionally narrowed, 

 and the inandibles rather less exposed. In their habits they apjiear to approach Zabrus and Harpalus. Such are 

 Amara*, with the thorax transver.se ; Pwciliis, in which it is nearly as long as broad, and the antenna: are short, 

 with the tliird joint compressed and angular; and Argutor, similar to PtxcUtis, but with longer antennse, of 

 which the \\\'x 1 joint is not angnated.— '211(1. The species generally winged, but with the body straight, fiat, or hori- 

 zontal above, and the head ne.irly as broad. Such are Platfisma, Uun. ; to which we may unite that of Omaseiis 

 and Ciitmbomiix, Mad. — 3rd. 'Ihe species ana'ogous to the preceding in their general characters, but which differ 

 in wanting wings. 'Ihe majority of these have the thorax not uniformly cordate or truncate, and the elytra have 

 a transverse fold at the base. Sometimes the thorax is nearly square or truncate-cordate, with the posterior 

 angles acute ; (genera Cophosus, Zeigl. ; C a/lhulricus, Austria, having the body oblong, square, or cylindrical, 

 and Abax, liouflli. having the body generally oval, depressed, or slightly convex- type, Carabus utriola, Fabr., 

 [a coiiimon British species], found in the cold and moist jiarts of forests, &c.), whilst sometimes the thorax is 

 terminated behind in two acute angles, and evidently narrowed. Those species with the body deincssed 

 on the upper side form the genus Pterosiic/nts, Bonelli ; whilst those with the upper side of the body more convex 

 form the genus Molops ; from the former of which Sternpus has been detached, having the posterior angles of the 

 thorax roundel. We terminate the suburcnus with species of large size, in which the thorax is always tritncate-cor- 

 AnXe, and the base of the elytra has not the transverse fold. Such is the chief character of Verens, Uonelli -tvpo, 



• Soiiif vjnt-icp of viTv sliort >t.'»ture fnnn till' treiMis L'-fr//s of siiiiK- to him lobe r'or.* so on the oatNiilc tli.iti dii tlic inner edge. }[cDCO 

 writers. Scutytnx ftrj uufiis, I-'iilir., iipperirs tti l)fli"in;t'i this (tni-iuii, it iiriy fortn n se]>artttc ^cnus, Cyctosoniul, 

 but Ucjeaii says lh^t the four anterior tarsi arc dilated, but ll.c)- Bppe.'.r 



