596 Div. 3. ARTICULATA.— INSECTA. Class 3. 



Astata, Latr. (Dimorpha, Jur.;, has three complete sessile cubital cells, and the radial is appendiculated ; tiie 

 eyes are contigfuous, [especially in the males]. 



Nysson, Latr., has the same number of cubital cells, but the second is petiolated ; the radial is not appendicu- 

 lated, and the eyes are wide apart. 



Oxybehts, Latr., has only one complete cubital cell, receiving a single recurrent nerve ; the mandibles terminate 

 in a simple point, and the scutellum is spined. 



Nitela, Latr., has also only a single cubital cell, the mandibles terminate in teeth, and the scutellum is not spined. 



Piion, Jur., differs from all the rest iu having the eyes emarginate. 



■ 7. The last division of the Fossores, that of the Crabronides, differs from the preceding only in 

 having the head generally larger and nearly square, the antennae often thickened at the tip, the 

 abdomen oval or elliptic, with the base narrower tlian the middle, and often pedunculated. 



Some have the antennae inserted below the middle of the face, with the clypeus short and wide. 



Trypoxylon, l&tr. (.4^i««, .Tur.), differs from the rest in having the eyes notched. T.figulus, [a. very common 

 British species, having the abdomen long and slender at the base]. The female makes use of burrows formed by 

 other insects, in order to deposit her own insects therein, together with spiders for their support, closing the hole 

 with fine earth. 



Of those with entire eyes, some have the mandibles narrow, and mostly terminated by a point, and the antennae 

 close together at the base. 



Gorytes, Latr. (Arpactus, Jur.), has three complete submarginal cells ; the mandibles of moderate size, and 

 unidentate within ; the anterior tarsi are often ciliated. [See the monograph of Saint Fargeau in the Annal. Soc. 

 Entomol. de France.] 



Crabro, Fab , has only a single closed cubital cell ; the mandibles terminate in a bifid point ; the antennae elbowed, 

 filiform ; the clypeus often glitters with silver or golden hairs. Some males are remarkable for the great dilatation 

 of the anterior tibiae and basal joint of the tarsi. The female of C. eribrarius provisions its nest with the larvae of 

 a Tortrix found in the oak. Others employ dipterous insects for the same purpose. [See the monograph of Saint 

 Fargeau and Brulle in the same Annales.] 



Stigmus, Jur., is so named from the great size of the stigma of the fore wings, which have two closed cubital 

 cells. 



In others the mandibles, at least in the females, are stronger, and bidentate within, and the antennae are wide 

 apart at the base. 



Pemphredon, Latr., has two complete cubital cells, and a third commenced. One species, P. unicolor, feeds its 

 larva with plant lice. 



Mellinus, Fabr., has three complete sessile cubital cells, and often the commencement of a fourth, not extending 

 to the tip of the wing. 



Alyton, Jur., have also three complete cubital cells, but the second is petiolated. 



The terminal Crabronites have the antennae inserted nearer the middle of the face, and thickened at the tips. 



Psen, Latr., has the clypeus nearly square, and the abdomen peduncled. 



Philanthns, Fabr., has the clypeus trilobed ; the basal segment of the abdomen is narrowed into a knot ; the 

 antennae suddenly thickened, [and the abdominal segments not constricted], and all the cubital cells sessile. 



Cerceris, Latr. (Philanthns, Jur.), has the antennae gradually thickened, [the abdominal segments constricted], 

 and the second cubital cell peduncled. 



The females of these insects make their nests in the sand, burying the dead bodies of Bees, Andrenae, and Wee- 

 vils, as food for their progeny. 



Trachypus, King, scarcely differs from the last. 



[The British species of Fossorial Hymenoptcra have been monographed by Mr. Shuckard, in a volume published 

 upon that tribe. Van der Linden and Klug have also especially studied these insects]. 



THE THIRD FAMILY OF TIIE ACULEATED HYMENOPTERA,— 



The Diploptera, — • 



Is the only one in this section which (with very few exceptions, Ceramius) has the fore-wings folded 

 longitudinally; the antenna; are ordinarily elbowed and clavale, and thickened at the tips; the eyes 

 are notched ; the collar extends at the sides as far as the wings ; the fore-wings have two or tliree 

 complete cubital cells, the second of which receives two recurrent nerves : the body is glabrous and 

 black, more or less varied with yellow or fulvous. Many live in temporary societies, composed of 

 males, females, and neuters. The females which have withstood the severity of the winter, com- 

 mence the nest and take care of the young which they produce ; they are subsequently assisted by 



the neuters. 



We divide the Diploptera into two tribes, [Masarides and Fey;aWtE]. 



The first, or the Masarides, have the antennse at first sight only composed of eight joints, the 

 eighth forming with the following a nearly solid mass, with indistinct articulations ; the upper wings 



