646 Div. 3. ARTICULATA.— mSECTA. Class 3. 



having been recently published especially devoted to tnis great tribe of insects. Of these, the most important are 

 the volumes devoted to the Lamellicornes, in Mulsant's Histoh-e Naturelle des Coleopteres de France, and Dr. Bur. 

 meister's Handbuch der Entomologie, Vols. Ill, IV, and "V. Mulsant adopts the two groups of Scaraboeides or 

 Petalocerides, and Lucanides or Priocerides, and divides the former into eight families, from the structure of the 

 perfect insect and larva, namely— the Copriens, Aphodiens, Trogidiens, Geotrupins, Oryctesiens, Calicnemiens, 

 Melonthens, and Cetoniens. These families are cliiefly characterized by the position of the legs, the exposed or 

 concealed scutellum and terminal segment of the body ; the texture and position of the mandibles ; form of tho 

 prosternum and number of joints in the antenna;. A more interesting plan of distribution of tho Lamellicornes 

 derived from the habits of the insects, is also given by Mulsant as follows :— 



1. Coprophages, feeding upon excrementitious or stercorarious matters. 



a. Copromorges, deriving their subsistence from the more succxilent portions of excrementitious 



matters. (Cojjriens, Aphodiens.) 

 6, Xerophages, feeding on dry animal or partially decomposed vegetable matter. (Trogidiens.) 

 0. Coprophages, devoui'ing excrementitious matters. (Geotrupins.) 



2. Saprophages, feeding upon decomposed vegetable matters. (Oryctesiens.) 



3. Phyllophages, devouring leaves, divided into 



a. Phytobies, feeding chiefly upon decomposed vegetables. (Calicnemiens.) 



b. Phyllophages, leaf-eaters. (Melolonthins.) 



0. Anthobies, feeding upon the petals of flowers. (Hoplite.) 



4. Melitophiles, feeding on the honey of flowers, divided into 



a, Dendrobies, generally residing upon trees. \ r t • 



I). Melitophiles, generally feeding upon the honey of flowers. J ® oi^iens. 

 Dr. Burmeistei''s plan of arrangement differs from that of any of his predecessors, by tho introduction of tho 

 Lucanides into the midst of the other Lamellicornes, and by reversing the order of the groups. Ilis plau of dis- 

 tribution, given in Vol. Ill of Ids Handbuch der Entomologie, is as follows : — • 



1. Thalerophaga, divided into a Melitopliila, b Anthobia, o Phyllophaga. 



2. Saprophaga, divided into 



A. d Xylophila ; e Pectinicornia ; and/Arenicolae. 



B. g Stercoricolaj, h Coprophaga. 



Many excellent remarks upon and descriptions of new species of the Lamellicomia will be found in Mr. 

 Ilope's Coleopterist's Manual, and in the text of Guerin's Iconographie du Regne Animal. 



The typical Coprojihaga with the middle legs wider apart than the rest (p. 522), have been revised by Rcicho in 

 the Annals of the French Entomological Society, and various additions thereto made by myself in the Transac- 

 tions of the Zoological and Entomological Societies of London ; in which I have also described various specks 

 from New Holland. Others from the same country hare also been described by Hope (Proc. Ent. Soc), and 

 by Erichson in Wiegmann's Archives. 



The Phanoai have been divided by Klug into thu-teen groups, in the Proceedings of the Berlin Academy in 1811. 

 The same author has described various African Ateuchi in his splendid Symboliii Physicoe. 



The Coprophagi, with the legs inserted at equal distances apart, have been carefully investigated by Mulsant in 

 his work on the Coleoptera of France, by whom the ftimily Aphodiida; is divided as follows :^ 

 1st Branch, Aphodiaires. Divided into three groups :— 



A. The Aphodiates composed of ten genera. 1. Colobopterus (A. erraticus) ; 2. Coprimorphus (A. 



scrutator) ; 3. Eupleurus (A. subterraneus) ; 4. Otophorus (A. hxmorrhordalis) ; 5. Teuchostcs 

 (A. Fossor) ; 6. Aphodius (A. soybalarius, and tliirty-fom- other species, including a great number 

 of named varieties) ; 7. Acrossus (A. rufipes Linn, and four other species) ; 8. Melinoptoi-us (A. prod- 

 romus, contaminatus, and two other species) ; 9. Trichonotus (A. scropha) ; 10. Heptaulacus 

 (A. sus and two other species.) 



B. The Ammxciates, comprising the genus 11, Amma;cius (A. elevatus). 



C. The Pleurophorates composed of five genera. 12. Plagiogonus (A. arenarius) 13. Oxyomus (X, 



porcatus) ; 14. Platytomus (A. sabulosus, new species) ; 15. Pleurophoms (A. cxsus) ; IG. Hhysso- 

 mus (A. asper and one new species.) 

 2nd Branch, Psammodi^aires containing the two genera Diastictus (A. sabuleti) and Psammodlus (A. sulci- 

 coUis and another species). 

 Tho genera Euparia, Kyparus, Cha^topisthes, and Corythoderus are singular exotic genera allied to Aphodhis, 

 described by myself in the Trans. Ent. Soc, Vol. IV., and by Dr. Klug in the Symbola; Physica;. 



Tho Arenicoli (p. 523), with exserted mandibles and ten-jointed antenn:e, have been revised by myself in tho 

 Transactions of the Entomological Society, in which many new genera are described. A beautiful mongraph of 

 the Athyrei and Bolbocerata has been published by Dr. Klug in the Berlin Transactions, and a number of addi- 

 tional bpecics by myself in a paper read before tho Linnxan Society. All the species are exotic, andofgre.Tt 

 variety and singular forms. The Ac.anthoeeri have also been monographed by Germar in his Zeitschrift. 



Ma'chidius (p. 524), placed in the Trogidai by M'Leay, belongs to the Melolonthidaj and Cryptodus (p. 524), 

 which Mr. M'Leay gave in his paper on the Cetoniidce of Southern Africa as the type of the Crcmastochcilidi>.'?, 



* This distribution has been modified in his Fifth Volume so as to unite tho Xylophila with tho Thalerophng.i, 

 (under tho new name Phancropyga), leaving the four remaining fumiUcs of the Saprophaga together, under the 

 new name of Stcgopyga. 



