SOUTH AMERICAN NEMATOGNATHI. 



77 



Maxillary barbel reaching little beyond base of pec- 

 toral, mental barbel not to gill-opening, postmental 

 barbel extending considerably beyond the gill-opening. 



Snout blunt, little decurved, 

 upper jaw little produced. Teeth 

 villiform, the intermaxillary 

 band emarginate on the sides 

 and behind; teeth on the roof 

 of the mouth in from 3-5 con- 

 fluent patches on each side; 

 vomerine patches separated from 

 each other. 



Gill-membranes meeting in an angle, forming a fold 

 across the isthmus. Gill-rakers 6-j-lO. 



Distance of dorsal spine from tip of snout 2J-2-f in the 

 length. Dorsal and pectoral spines granular in front, 

 striate on the sides, the dorsal spine scarcely roughened 

 behind, If-lf in the head; the pectoral spine serrated 

 behind, its length about 1J in the head. Space between 

 the dorsal and adipose fins 3J in the length. Adipose 

 fin scarcely shorter than the dorsal, its posterior margin 

 free. 



Upper caudal lobe longer, falcate, 3J-4 in the length. 



Anal fin about as high as long, 2J in the head. 



Ventrals not reaching to the anal, about 2 in head. 



Color, in specimen No. 7702, light brown, silvery on 

 sides, white below; tip of dorsal and pectoral fins dusky; 

 all the fins more or less dotted with brown: all the other 

 specimens plumbeous above, white below; fins dusky. 



Head 3|-3}; depth 5-5 J; D. I, 7; A. 19. 



The specimens examined, .13-. 48 m. long, are from 

 (7702) Campos; Kio Doce; Rio Grande do Sul, (the 

 smaller specimens from this locality have the occipital 

 keel very strongly developed). 



A specimen from the Kio Grande do Sul, .42 m. long, 



