SOUTH AMERICAN NEMATOGNATHI. Ill 



longer than the base of the dorsal, about as long as the 

 adipose. 



Caudal slightly emarginate, about as long as the head. 

 Tips of anal rays reaching to the caudal. 



Pectoral spine stout, longitudinally striate, with very 

 strong and long recurved teeth on the inner margin, 

 minute teeth on the anterior margin. 



Color brown; a light scalloped band on opercles ex- 

 tending across the nape, the band margined with white; 

 usually a light spot under the dorsal spine, and a light 

 band across the back immediately behind the dorsal fin, 

 extending horizontally along sides, meeting again across 

 caudal peduncle; dorsal fin sometimes uniform brown, 

 but usually with a light bar on the center of the last 

 four rays; base of caudal dark, the tips dusky, light be- 

 tween, dotted with darker; anal spotted with light and 

 dark, a black spot at the base of the anterior rays. 



Head 3i-3f ; depth 5J-6; D. I, 6; A. 10-11. 



The very numerous examples examined are from 

 Santa Cruz. 



75. Pseudopimelodus raninus, 



Pimelodus raninus Cuv. & Val. Hist. Nat. Poiss. xv, 157, 1840 

 (Mana; Kio Janeiro); Kner, SB. Ak. Wien, xxvi, 1857, 421 

 (Barra do Eio Negro; Guapore; Matogrosso); Giinther, Cat. 

 Fish. Brit. Mus. v, 133, 1864 (Essequifib). 



Pimelodus (Pseudopimelodus} raninus Peters, MB. Ak. Berl. 1877, 

 470 (Apure). 



P seudopimelodus raninus Steindachner, Flussfische Siidamerika's 

 iv, 4, 1883 (Eio Huallaga). 



Habitat : Rio Janeiro to Essequibo; Eio Huallaga and Matto Grosso. 



This species is known to us only from descriptions. 



76, Pseudopimelodus pulcher, 



Pimelodus (Pseudopimelodus) pulcher Boulenger, Proc. Zool. Soc. 



London, March 1887, 276, plate xxi, fig. 1 (Canelos). 

 Habitat: Eastern Ecuador. 



This species is known only from the types. 



