SOUTH AMERICAN NEMATOGNATHI. 229 



spines. Accessory rays of the caudal fin ossified, the 

 anterior one forming a small plate. Exposed part of 

 the skin verrucose. 



Humeral process narrow, tapering backward, reaching 

 ,a little beyond the middle of the pectoral spine. 



Distance of the dorsal fin from the snout about 2-f in 

 the length. Dorsal and pectoral spines with the sides 

 deeply furrowed, both margins serrate; the serration of 

 the posterior margin of the dorsal spine reduced to a 

 few spines. Adipose fin low, merging into the profile 

 of the back anteriorly. 



Caudal emarginate, 5 in the length. 



Anal high, rounded, first ray highest, 2 in the head. 



Ventral as high as the anal fin. 



Pectoral spine not quite reaching the ventral fins. 

 Pectoral pore minute. 



Fins spotted with brown. 



Head 4; depth 5; Lat. 1. 18; D. I, 6; A. (injured?) 6; 

 V. 6; P. I, 9. 

 163, Doras granulosus. 



Doras granulosus Valenciennes in Humboldt, Obs. Zool. ii, 184. 

 Pterodoras granulosus Bleeker, Nederl. Tijdschr. Dierkunde, i, 15, 



1863 (name only); id. Silures de Suriname, 36, 1864 (Surinam). 



Doras maculalus Valenciennes, Voy. d'Orbigny, ix, atlas ii, plate 



' v, fig. 3, 1847; Cuv. & Val. Hist. Nat. Poiss. xv, 281, 1840 



(Buenos Ayres); Steindachner, Denk. Ak. Wein, 28, 1879 (Rio 



de la Plata); Eigenm & Eigenm, Proc. Cal. Acad. 2d Ser. i, 160, 



1888 (Arary?). 

 Doras murica (Natt. MS.) Kner, SB. Ak. Wein, xvii, 129, 1885 



(Cujaba).- 

 Doras muricus Giinther, Cat, Fish. Brit. Mus. v, 202, 1864 (Dema- 



rara?). 

 Habitat: Eio Plata and its tributaries; Amazon; Deniarara?. Rare. 



Robust, little deeper than wide below the dorsal spine, 

 -caudal peduncle very slender, as wide as deep. Head as 

 broad as long, its depth 1| in its length. Surface of the 

 bones of the head sparsely granular. Fontaiiel elongate, 

 extending far beyond the eye both forward and back- 



