SOUTH AMERICAN NEMATOGNATHI. 377 



Head obscurely spotted with dark; body marbled; dor- 

 sal rays spotted with dark, the spots extending upon the 

 membrane in front of each ray; caudal rays spotted, the 

 tips of the lower rays blackish; anal rays spotted; pec- 

 toral and ventral fins dusky, indistinctly spotted, nearly 

 black in the male; breast blackish (in the male); margin 

 of lips black. 



Head 4i-4^ D. I, 7; A. 6; V. I. 5; P. I, 6; Lat. 1. 31. 



Over thirty specimens .06-. 26 m. to base of caudal. 

 Villa Bella; Lake Hyanuary; Cudajas; Manaos on the 

 Rio Negro; Xingu Cascade; Lago Alexo; Obidos; Coary; 

 Teffe\ 



318. Loricaria maculata, 



Loricaria maculata Bloch, Ausl. Fische viii, 73, pi. 375, fig. 1; 



LacepAde, Hist. Nat. Poiss. v, 140, 1803 (South America); Cuv. 



& Val. xv, 473 (loc. ?); Kuer, Panzerwelse, 80, 1853 (Rio Gua- 



pore; Matogrosso; Surinam); Vaillant, Bull. Soc.Philom. series 



7, iv, 157, 1880 (Calderon); Eigenm. & Eigenm. Proc. Cal. Acad. 



23. Ser. ii, 33, 18S9 (Coary; Santarem; lea; Hyavary; Obidos; 



Teffe; Jutahy). 

 Loricaria cirrhosa var. maculata Bloch & Schneider, Syst. Ichthyol. 



125, 1801. 



Plecoxtomus maculatus Swainson, Fishes, Reptiles, etc. ii, 304, 1839. 

 Loricariichthys maculatus Bleeker, Silures de Suriname, 16, 1864 



(Surinam). 

 Loricaria amazonica Castelnau, Anim. Amerique du Sud. 46, plate 



xxiii, fig. 2, 1855 (Amazon). 



Plecostomus cataphractus Gronow, "Cat. Fish. 158," 1854. 

 Habitat: Rio Guapore; Calderon; Surinam. 



Depth l^-li in the width'. Head long, depressed, its 

 depth about 2 in its width; occipital with two keels, 

 margined posteriorly by three plates; interorbital con- 

 cave; snout depressed, acute, most so in the young, its 

 margin turned upward slightly and narrowly naked in 

 the adult. Orbital notch rather shallow, parabolic, 

 rarely somewhat angular; diameter of orbit with the 

 notch 4J-5 in the length of the head. Eye 2J-3J in the 

 snout, 5f-7 in the head, If- 1J in the interorbital. 



