RIIOI'A LOCERA XI HONK '. \ . 



Family PAPILIONIDvE. 

 Genus I'Al'IUO. 



1. Papilio machaon, L. (Pi. i. fig. I-A, i-u.) 



iisiiificti, But. 

 Hippocrates, Fcld. 



Localities Main Island, Ye/o. 



Food plants Cultivated nmbellifeiae, carrot, fennel, &c. 



'1'ime of appearance From Maich until tlie end of summer. 



The first imago appear in March from larva which have fed up late in the preceding autumn. These 

 March specimens are invariably small and light colored (fig. I-B), and are the machaon form. As the summer 

 advances the successive broods increase in size and depth of coloration until August, when the hippocrates 

 (fig. I-A) form appears. It is a very abundant insect, and often strips fields of carrots of their leaves. 



2. Papilio zuthus, L. (PI. i, fig. 2- A, 2- u.) 



xut/iiihis, Brein. 



Localities Main Island. 



Food plants -'E^le sepiaiia O.C., Xanlhnxylon schlnnifolium S. & /.. 



Time of appearance From March until tlie end of summer. 



Like the preceding species, we have an early spring form, xutliulus (fig. 2-A), and a summer form, 

 xutlius (fig. 2-B). Machaon is a plant feeder, xuthus a tree feeder. The larva of the two species are very 

 different in appearance, the difference being greater even in the larval stage than in the imago. The 

 female of xutlius is dimorphic, one form being light yellow and the other much darker. 



3- Papilio maacki, Men. (Pi. i, fig- 3-) 



dehaani, Feld. 



bianor var japunica, But. 



tutanns, Fen ton. 



Localities Yokohama, Yezo, and the mountains of the Main Island generally. 

 Food plant /Ex' e sepiaiia and other kinds of orange trees. 

 Time of appearance From April until the end of summer. 



This beautiful insect varies greatly, from green to purple blue ; some specimens have a row of red 

 spots on the hind wing which is absent on others. It also varies greatly in size and markings. This 

 species extends furthest north of any of the black Papilios. It is an extremely difficult insect to figure. 

 The larva very much resembles that of P. xutlius, although the perfect insect differs so greatly. 



