RHOPALOCERA NIHONICA. 



4. Papilio demetrius, Cr. (Pi. 3. fig- !) 



Localities Main Island. 



Food plant /Egle sepiaria, D.C. 



Time of appearance From April until the end of summer. 



The larva is very similar to those of the two preceding species, exactly reversing the case of 

 machaon and xuthus. The hind wing of the male is ornamented with an oval greenish-white patch con- 

 cealed below the fold of the fore wing. This is, as a rule, hardly visible, but is displayed by the male 

 when courting his mate. Demetrius and macilentus are perhaps " dual " species. 



5- Papilio macilentus, Janson. (Pi. 3. fi g- 2 



Localities Rare about Yokohama, but more abundant in the mountains of the Main Island. 

 Time of appearance From May and during summer. 



The female is very seldom to be obtained. The male, which is ornamented exactly as in the preceding 

 species, is, in its first brood, often very diminutive, and I have captured them less than half the size of the 

 female specimen figured. I have not yet found the larva. This species is specially adapted to fertilizing 

 Lilies, the pollen from the flowers, which it frequently visits, adhering to its long hind wings and tails. 



6. Papilio alicinous, King. (Pi. 3. fi g-3-) 



Localities Main Island. 



Food plant Cocculus thunbergii, D.C. 



Time of appearance From April until the end of summer. 



The female of this species is dimorphic in China and the Ryukyu Islands, being sometimes nearly as 

 black as the male, and sometimes buff, but I have never seen any but the last-named form in Japan. The 

 male emits a peculiarly sweet, musky odour when alive. The female also emits a fainter odour, but to me 

 this is as unpleasant as that of the male is pleasant. It is one of the most abundant Papilios, and is easily 

 caught. The larva resembles a partially ripe mulberry, and the pupa is most beautifully sculptured. 



7. Papilio Menus, L. (Pi. 2, fig. 2.) 



Localities Nagasaki and Tosa. 



Time of appearance May and summer. 



This is a southern insect, and I have not seen it further north than the Island of Shikoku. The large 

 white patch on the hind wing makes it a very conspicuous object. It has a fine rapid, bold flight, and 

 constantly returns to the same spot. The female is. rare. 



8. Papilio memnon, L. (Pi. 2, fig. i.) 



Localities Nagasaki. 



Time of appearance May and summer. 



This is the largest Japanese butterfly. I have not seen it, in Japan, north of the Island of Kyushyu. 



