2 66 ASTER FAMILY 



(2) Outer bracts not exceeding the flowers or 

 leaf-like; leaves thread-like, green 

 and smooth C. Greenei 



b. Achenes smooth; bracts keeled, in 5 distinct 

 vertical ridges 



(1) Leaves spatulate or oblanceolate, gray- 



hairy C. depressus 



(2) Leaves narrowly linear to thread-like 



(a) Bracts thick, strongly keeled, smooth. C. pulchellus 



(b) Bracts thin, not strongly keeled, cob- 



webby-ciliate C. Bigelovii 



2. Bracts not long-pointed, obtuse to acute 



a. Achenes hairy 



(1) Branches, at least the young ones more or 



less white-woolly or felted ; bracts 

 smooth, ciliate or hairy ; leaves linear to 

 lance-oblong C. grave olens 



(2) Branches green, never woolly or felted; 



bracts smooth to ciliate ; leaves linear to 

 lance-oblong C. Dougldsii 



b. Achenes not hairy C. Vaseyii 



CICHORIUM Linne 1753 CHICORY 



(Latinized from the Arabic) 



Heads with strap-shaped flowers alone, the latter perfect, blue, rarely 

 white, achenes 5-angled or ribbed, not beaked, pappus of 2-3 rows of short 

 scales; receptacle flat, without chaff, involucre of 2 rows of bracts, the 

 outer spreading; heads usually 1-4 in sessile clusters; leaves alternate and 

 basal, entire to pinnatifid ; perennial with milky juice. 

 Stems 1-3 ft. high ; basal leaves 3-6 in. long, spatulate, 



pinnatifid; heads 1-1.5 in. wide C.intybus 



COLEANTHUS Cassini 1817 THOROUGHWORT 

 (Gr. koleos, sheath, anthos, flower) 



PL 37, fig. 3. 



Heads with tube-flowers alone, the latter white to yellowish, perfect, 

 achenes 10-ribbed, oblong, pappus of hair-like bristles, receptacle flat or 

 convex without chaff, involucre oblong to bell-shaped, the bracts imbricated 

 in several rows ; heads in panicles or cymes ; leaves opposite or alternate, 

 simple, toothed; perennial. 



1. Leaves ovate or oblong-ovate, often heart-shaped 

 at base 



