3 68 PINE ORDER 



PINUS Linne 1753 PINE 



(The Latin form of the Celtic name) 



PI. 47, fig. 1-5. 



Staminate cones at the bases of new shoots, several-many in a cluster, 

 pistillate cones solitary or few on year-old twigs, in the tipper part of the 

 tree, composed of scales with 2 ovules, borne on small bracts ; cone woody, 

 maturing the second autumn, seeds winged ; leaves of 2 kinds, primary, lin- 

 ear or scale-like, deciduous, secondary, needle-like in clusters of 2-5, rarely 

 single with a papery sheath at base ; evergreen, monoecious trees. 



1. Leaves 2-3 in a cluster, rarely single 



a. Leaves 1-3 in. long 



(1) Trunks 4-20 ft. high; leaves usually 2, 



sometimes 1, 1-2 in. long; cones 1-2 in. 

 long; tips of the scales very broad and 

 thick, without prickles P. edulis 



(2) Trunks 20-100 ft. high ; leaves 2-3 in. long ; 



cones 1-2 in. long; tips of the scales not 



broad and thick, prickly-pointed P. murraydna 



b. Leaves 4-8 in. long, 2-3 in a cluster ; cones 3-5 



in. long; scales thickened, with a strong re- 

 curved prickle P. ponderosa 



2. Leaves 5 in a cluster 



a. Scales of the cone with a prickle ; cones 2-4 



in. long; leaves 2.5-4 cm. long; stems 10-40 



ft. high P.aristdta 



b. Scales of the cone without a prickle ; cones 



4-8 in. long; leaves 2-3 in. long; stems 20-60 



ft. high P. flexilis 



PSEUDOTSUGA Carriere 1867 DOUGLAS FIR 



(Gr. pscudes, false, Japanese, tsuga, hemlock) 



PI. 47, fig. 10. 



Staminate cones axillary, pistillate cones terminal or axillary, oblong- 

 ovoid, ovules 2 on each scale, seeds winged, cones ovoid-oblong, hanging, 

 scales papery with long, 2-pointed and awned projecting bracts; leaves flat- 

 tish, scattered, single; evergreen trees. 

 Trunks 30-100 ft. high ; cones 1.5-4 in. long, fringed by 



the bracts ; leaves 2-4 cm. long- P. mucrondta 



