1218 Canadian Forestry Journal, July, 1917 



Bulgaria's forests may be divided into four zones, according to altitude. 

 The lowest and warmest extends from sea level up to an altitude of 1,300 

 feet, and is the home of the oak, elm and ash. Above this belt, up to a height 

 of 2,600 feet, is the oak-beech transition zone. Between 2,600 and 4,300 

 feet is the typical beech zone. It contains ample supplies of timber. Fin- 

 ally a pine zone, equally well stocked, extends between 4,300 and 6,600 feet. 



Bulgaria's forest area in 1908 comprised 7,086,232 acres, of which 1,- 

 611,423 were national property. No statistics have been available since 

 that date. The forests were then valued at $125,000,000, but entire sections 

 were destroyed during the Balkan wars of 1912 and 1913. 



UPS AND DOWNS IN MATCHES 



A survey of the world's supply and demand for matches by the Can- 

 adian Trade Commissioner at Leeds is interesting. Sweden and Norway 

 are the main sources of supply and, before the war, Austria took third place. 

 Germany could not compete with cheaper goods from Japan. France had 

 a government monopoly in matches, but since the largest factories are in the 

 section occupied by the Germans, must now import. The United States 

 and Russia have large match industries, but as both countries have or had 

 a high protective tariff, they could not compete in the international market. 

 Under the revised tariff in the United States, however, Scandinavian matches 

 have made their appearance increasingly. South America supplies itself 

 with an inferior match. Since the downfall of the Austrian supply, India 

 offers a good field. The Japanese control the far East Asiatic market, but in 

 India and other European colonies they have lost ground, apparently on 

 account of inferior ciuality of product. While during the period 1907 to 

 1912 the match market was unfavorable, the stopping by the war of several 

 sources of supply has given an impetus, especially to Swedish manufacturers, 

 and prices have been very high, clue in part to increase in value of raW pro- 

 ducts. * * * * 



DRESSING TREE WOUNDS 



Experiments with different substances for covering pruning wounds, 

 by G. H. Howe, showed the following results, says the Bulletin of the Inter- 

 national Institute of Agriculture:— 



White lead, white zinc, yellow ochre, coal tar, shellac, and carbolineum 

 were employed on pruning wounds of various sizes and age of apple and peach 

 trees, with some wounds untreated for check. The observations were made 

 in the two seasons following the treatment. In all cases the untreated wounds 

 healed more rapidly than the protected ones. Shellac caused the least in- 

 jury to the cambium, but had least adhesive power. Carbolineum and ochre 

 were very injurious, the white paints the least so; especially white lead was 

 most efficacious; tar is evaporated too easily. Nothing is gained by waiting 

 with the application, 



In peach trees, and presumably other stone fruit, all substances produce 

 damage. 



The total result is inimical to the use of dressings, but the author admits 

 that for a longer period of observation infection of fungi, which was not 

 observed in the two seasons, might occur and change the finding. 



MOTORS FOR LOGGING 



Although motor trucks and tractors have been used in logging opera- 

 tions on the Pacific Coast, to a limited extent in the past, such use received 



