372 SPICES 



CHAP. 



recorded, however, that in 1906 chilies to the value of 

 19,000 were exported, but the next export in 1908 was 

 of the value of 485 only. 



Sierra Leone pepper resembles that of Zanzibar in 

 its pungency, but is yellowish red when dried, that of 

 Zanzibar being dull dark red. Natal red pepper imported 

 into Europe in the form of dried pods (a variety of 

 Capsicum annuum) is dark red and very pungent, and 

 till recently supplied all the bright red cayenne pepper 

 in commerce (Holmes' Pharmaceutical Journal). 



There are no accessible records as to the amount of 

 chilies or capsicums exported from Sierra Leone or Natal, 

 but it is recorded (Slue Book of Sierra Leone, 1871, 

 Fliickiger and Hanbury) that in 1871, 7,258 Ibs. were 

 exported from Sierra Leone, and from Natal (Blue Book 

 for 1871) 9,072 Ibs. 



Turkey. An article from the Journal de la 

 Chambre de Commerce de Constantinople, quoted in 

 All about Spices, says that the cultivation of red pepper 

 occupied a very important place among the several 

 branches of cultivation practised in Turkey in the 

 Vilayet of Salonica. The plant there prefers a humid 

 sandy soil, where it grows sometimes almost in 

 water. It produces 340*80 Ibs. to 1,136 Ibs. per dennum 

 (of 40 square paces), and gives a profit of 300 to 350 

 piastres per dennum. The greater part is exported to 

 Europe, about one- fourth being used in Turkey. 



Japan supplies a large number of chilies, chiefly 

 those of Capsicum minimum, of a peculiar bright colour, 

 which has of late years commanded a higher price than 

 any other variety, but is less pungent than that of 

 Zanzibar. When powdered it is indistinguishable from 

 Natal cayenne pepper, obtained from Capsicum annuum 

 (Holmes, Pharmaceutical Journal, 1897, December 11, 

 p. 519). 



CULTIVATION IN CALIFORNIA 



Mr. J. B. Neff gives in the " California Cultivator " 

 (Planting Opinion, August 26, 1900, p. 602) an 



