Sweden. 9 



headed bunting, yellow wagtail, willow wren, redwing, ring ouzel, 

 redstart, marsh titmouse, Siberian titmouse, water ouzel, willow 

 grouse, common sandpiper, common snipe, hooper, bean goose, wild 

 duck, and teal. 



3. In the pine and fir region, the fieldfare, the Siberian jay, the 

 greenfinch, siskin, chaffinch, crested tit, coletit, great black wood- 

 pecker, three-toed woodpecker, gold-crest, wren, the crossbills, the 

 redbreast, garden warbler, song thrush, tree pipit, capercailzie, black 

 grouse and hazel hen. 



4. In the cultivated districts, the hooded crow, ortolan bunting, 

 yell'ow bunting, white wagtail, common sparrow, magpie, and 

 swallow. 



Thus we shall see that the vegetation as well as the fauna of this 

 country has its defined limits 5 for, beginning with the cultivated 

 districts in the bottom of the fells, where many of the trees and 

 bushes peculiar to Britain are met with, we come (ascending the 

 fell sides) first to the fir district and then to the pine. Above these 

 we find the birch, and, higher up, the willow and fell birch. Above 

 this we come to the district where nothing but lichen and moss can 

 grow ; and, above all, lies the region of perpetual snow. 



The botanist can judge for himself what a field is here open to 

 him j and it is no wonder that Sweden is able to boast of many 

 well versed in this science, and the study of the entomologist goes 

 hand-in-hand with it. But, to the geologist and lover of antiquarian 

 lore, Scandinavia possesses still richer attractions. Judging from the 

 fossil remains preserved in the museums of the country, many 

 animals, now extinct, in former days inhabited the south of Sweden ; 

 and the bones of antediluvian monsters, which are yearly dug up in 

 the turf mosses of Skania, are evidences of bygone ages. It is easy 

 to carry the reflecting mind back to the period before man appeared 

 on the face of the globe, when probably the waves rolled over the 

 greater part of this land, and we can figure to ourselves monstrous 

 fishes then peopling the waters, and reptiles of misshapen and hideous 

 growth, drawing their slow length along the slimy oozes of the fens. 

 Pass we on to a later date, when the whole face of the country 



