COACHMEN. 399 



that the work on the horses, carriage and harness, and the 

 cleaning of the man's livery, will take about five hours. 



A groom or coachman would not esteem a single-handed 

 place as much as one in which he had a man under him. 

 Besides, stable servants as a rule like the society of their 

 fellows, and appreciate a comfortable saddle-room, which 

 is a luxury seldom found in a single-handed situation. 

 Married men, and especially those who are no longer young, 

 often like the independence of a single-handed job. 



A groom-coachman generally has some help. He has to 

 ride exercise as well as drive, and can do a couple of horses. 

 He is simply a groom who has to drive. 



A second horseman holds a position about equal to that 

 of a groom-coachman, and in a large stable would be 

 under a head groom. In a stable of ten or twelve horses 

 he might act as head groom ; and in one of half that size, 

 as working stud groom. In Leicestershire, a second horse- 

 man is generally supposed to do two horses and his own 

 hunting things, which I think is more than he can properly 

 attend to, if he has to go out oftener than three times a week 

 with his master or mistress. 



A working coachman would have to feed his animals, look 

 after their shoeing, trimming, clipping, etc., clean the carriage, 

 do one horse or two if there is not much driving, and exercise. 

 The man under him would muck-out, clean harness, cut chaff, 

 bruise oats, and do the larger part of the grooming. Sup- 

 posing that there were three horses, which would be a full 

 allowance for the two men, if the carriage went out often ; 

 the helper would have to do two horses. A working coach- 

 man occupies a somewhat better position than a groom- 

 coachman ; because he has not to do the rougher part of a 

 groom's work, and is supposed to have a carriage groom or 

 helper under him. 



A head groom in a large hunting stable is like a head-lad 



