800 THE STORY OF THE EAETH AND MAN. 



According to Pictet,* the Post-glacial bads of 

 Europe afford ninety-eight species of mammals, of 

 which fifty-seven still live there, the remainder being 

 either locally or wholly extinct. According to Mr. 

 Boyd Dawkins,f in Great Britain about twelve Plio- 

 cene species survived the Glacial period, and re- 

 appeared in the British Islands in the Post-glacial. 

 To these were added forty-one species making in 

 all fifty-three, whose remains are found in the gravels 

 and caves of the latter period. Of these, in the 

 Modern period twenty-eight, or rather more than 

 one-half, survive, fourteen are wholly extinct, and 

 eleven are locally extinct. 



Among the extinct beasts, were some of very 

 remarkable character. There were two or more spe- 

 cies of elephant, which seem in this age to have 

 overspread, in vast herds, all the plains of Northern 

 Europe and Asia; and one of which we know, from 

 the perfect specimen found embedded in the frozen 

 soil of Siberia, lived till a very modern period; and 

 was clothed with long hair and fur, fitting it for a 

 cold climate. There were also three or four species 

 of rhinoceros, one of which at least (the R. Ticho- 

 rhinus] was clad with wool like the great Siberian 

 mammoth. With these was a huge hippopotamus 

 (H. major), whose head- quarters would, however, 

 seem to have been farther south than England, or 



* Palaeontologie. 



f " Journal of Geological Society," and Palaeontographical 

 Society's publications. 



