HANDBOOK OF THE TURF. 19 



of horses by promoting the interests of the American trotting 

 turf." It is managed by a board of five directors, (the presi- 

 dent and secretary being ex officio members) ; and holds bien- 

 nial meetings or congresses on the first Tuesday in May. It 

 has a board of review, board of appeals, has authority to 

 impose fines and penalties, announce decisions and administer 

 oaths. In 189o it had eight hundred and six members — a 

 member being a track, society or association. 



Aiiieriean Trotting Reg-ister, (Wallace's). Mr. 

 John 11. Wallace published the first volume of his American 

 Stud Book, (devoted to running pedigrees), in 18G7; and the 

 first volume of the the American Trotting Register in 1872. 

 With the publication of Vol. IV, in 1882, the pedigrees of 

 stallions first began to be numbered consecutively, and, to the 

 end of Vol. XII, (1893), they had reached No. 23,499. Stand- 

 ard bred mares and geldings are registered alphabetically, and 

 non-standard animals are also included, (registered alphabet- 

 ically). Pedigrees of pacers were first included in Vol. X, for 

 1892, and the work now embraces trotters and pacers. The 

 twelve volumes published register more than one hundred 

 thousand pedigrees. TuOlished at Chicago, 111., by the Amer- 

 ican Trotting Register Association. 



American Turf Cong-ress is composed of the nine 

 jockey clubs in the United States, and the Americo-Mexican 

 Blood Horse Association of the city of Mexico, S. A. ; and has 

 for its object " the improvement of the breed, and the devel- 

 opment of horses through the promotion of the interests of 

 the American running turf; the prevention, detection and 

 punishment of fraud thereon, and the adoption of regulations 

 and rules, to be known as the American Racing Rules, for the 

 uniform government of racing." 



American Year of the English Derby. The year 

 18S1. The year in which the Derby and the St. Leger were 

 won by the American horse Iroquois ; the same year in which 

 the French Derby — the Grand Prix of Paris — was won by the 

 American horse Foxhall. See Iroquois and Foxhall. 



Ankle-cutter. A horse that from faulty conformation, 

 strikes his ankles, or inside of the fetlock joint, when in 

 motion, inflicting a wound, is called an " ankle-cutter." 



Anterior. Situated to the front ; the head ; opposite of 

 posterior. Thus the term anterior extremity means the fore- 

 leg. The head is anterior to the neck, and the neck in turn is 

 anterior to the back. 



Appeals. Rules of the American Trotting Association 



