HANDBOOK OF THE TURF. 49 



For injured tendons, soft liocks, ring-bones, sido-bones, and ailments 

 tliut strong blisters have lailed to cure, cauterization should be 

 promptly resorted to; and fur strain or injury to almost any ])artof 

 the legs' below the elbow or stille, firing sliould be done before a 

 blister is applied.— The Horseman. 



Cavalry Bit. Tlie regulation cavalry bridle, as used in 

 the United States army, has tM'o bits, a curb, two reins, and one 

 headstall. Col. Battersby, in his work on the Bridle Bits, says 

 the bridoon, or watering bit, has no gtiards, and is used with 

 the curb bit as an auxiliary when the horse is mounted, but is 

 used alone in going out to water. The bridoon has rings and a 

 single loop-joint between the bars, the same as the snaffle. It 

 has four distinct uses : 1. That of a watering bit. 2. For 

 easing the mouth from the curb bit. 3. For certain uses of 

 weapons in action, especially the sword. 4. For leaping. 



Cavasson ; Cavezon. A noseband of iron, wood, or 

 leather. It may either have a separate headpiece, similar to 

 the bridoon head of a double bridle, or have cheek-pieces which 

 fasten on to the buckles to which the crown j^iece of the bridle 

 is attached. It can be raised or lowered as required, and may 

 be used with either snaffle or curb. A noseband or cavasson 

 should not be attached to the headstall of a curb, as it might 

 then interfere with the action of that bit. 



Caveat Emptor. A legal term much used in cases 

 regarding the purchase, sale, and warranty of horses. It means : 

 Let the purchaser beware. 



Cavort; Curvet. To cavort about. Said of a nervous, 

 restless horse that is given to prancing and cantering about, 

 especially when he is being led. 



Cement. The external covering or tissue of the teeth. 

 It is placed upon the enamel over the whole surface of the tooth, 

 and fills more or less completely the cup of each. It is gener- 

 ally thicker in the lower than in the upper teeth, and in very old 

 mouths is often formed in excess, furnishing a new wearing sur- 

 face to replace the teeth which have been destroyed by use; 

 hence it has great importance in determining the age of the 

 horse. Its structure and composition is almost exactly that of 

 ordinary bone. 



Center of Motion. The center of motion in the ante- 

 rior extremity of the horse, is in the scaj)ula or shoulder, which 

 is as high a bony base as could be reached. 



"While there is no bony connection between the anterior extremity of 

 the horse and its trunk, therefore no fixed point of resistance and 

 reaction, as in the posterior extremities, the center of motion is 

 attained equally well, and it is difficult to conceive how it could, 

 serve its different relations to the trunk any better. The scapula, 



