50 HANDBOOK or THE TURF. 



if not anatomically so, is mechanically a, joint, and corresponds to 

 the hip joint of the jiosterior extremity, the shoulder to the stifle 

 and the elbow to the liock. In this view tliere is no reversal in the 

 joints but the same meelianieal relation. The freedom of motion 

 at its center in tlie limb is less than in the corresponding joint in tlie 

 posterior extremity, but there is all that is required ; it is j^laced con- 

 siderably higher tlian in the latter, in order that more motion should 

 not be required ; and the restriction at that point is compensated for 

 by the superior flexibility of the lower joints. The total result is 

 that the stride of one limb is just equal to that of the other. — The 

 Horse in Motion, J. D. B. Stiilman. 



Cli. f. In a summary or list of entries indicating a 



chestnut filly. 



Clialleiig"e. An invitation to a contest of speed. 



A challenge may be hedged around with conditions, so that its non- 

 acceptance is no acknowledgment of the superiority of the chal- 

 lenger.— John H. Wallace. 



Cliampion. The first among all contestants ; holding 

 the highest rank or record; that which is unexcelled or 

 unbeaten. Applied to the greatest performers in the stallion, 

 gelding, filly, and other classes of trotters and runners. See 

 Stallions, Trotting, and Avorld's record under different time 

 made, as Two-ten. 



Chang-e a Horse. [Eq.] To change hands ; to turn or 

 bear the horse's head from one hand to the other, from the left 

 to the right, or from the right to the left. 



Cliaiig"e of Color. The disguising of a horse in any 

 way, or painting him for the purpose of concealing his identity 

 that he may represent another or different horse is a fraud 

 subject to fine and expulsion by the racing and trotting rules. 

 The laws of many States have also made it a misdemeanor, 

 punishable by fine and imprisonment. See Law. 



Cliang"e of Name. After starting in a public race the 

 name of a horse cannot be changed without obtaining a record 

 thereof from the secretary of the American Association, and 

 paying a fee of $50. For a violation of this rule a fine of $100 

 may be imposed. If a horse has ever trotted in a public race, 

 the last name under M'hich it trotted shall be given with the 

 new entry ; and if the name has been changed within one year, 

 each former name must be given ; and if any horse has ever 

 trotted a public race without a name, such fact must be stated 

 when the entry is made, that the animal may be fully identified. 



Cliannels. The small, shoal grooves made in the surface 

 of a track by a dressing harrow or float. 



Chant a Horse. To advertise a horse by qualities 

 which on examination or trial are found wanting. 



Cliarlier Shoe ; Charlier Tip. An extremely narrow 

 and very light steel quarter shoe or tip, invented by M. Charlier, 



