HANDBOOK OF THE TURF. 187 



never be used without scalpers aud hind ankle boots with pas- 

 tern attachments. 



Paddock. An enclosure near the stable in which horses 

 are turned out for exercise, or when not required for work; or 

 for aid in restoring to health and soundness those wdiich are 

 recovering from lameness or sickness. It should have a sup- 

 ply of water, and also an open shed under wiiich the horses may 

 go during showers or in the heat of mid-day. A paddock is not 

 a pasture, and it must not be regarded as, in any sense, a graz- 

 ing ground. 



Palfrey. A breed of saddle horses of the best type, 

 such as kings and the nobility who had large studs kept for 

 their own personal use when they rode privately, without state, 

 or made short journeys. These Palfreys were under the pecul- 

 iar charge of a private officer of the king's household, while 

 the other horses of the stud fell to the care of the master of 

 the horse, or officer of the stable. They were perfectly white, 

 with round barrel and Barb head, originally from Spain or 

 Barbary, and rarely exceeded the size of a Galloway. The 

 breed is now nearly extinct. 



Pannel. The lining of the saddle which lies between 

 the tree and the horse's back. 



Pantograpli Snaffle. A double-barred snaffle bit. 

 The joints of the bars are not in the center, but that of one 

 bar is at a point one-third of its length to one side, that of the 

 other one-third of its length to the opposite side ; so that, in 

 operation, it has a double converging action, and is a very 

 severe bit. It is designed for a hard puller, or a horse liable 

 to take the bit in his teeth. 



Paralysis. A horse liable to attacks of paralysis, from 

 having eaten ergoted hay, is unsound. 



Parker. A fashionable saddle horse. 



Parotid Grland. A gland situated under the horse's 

 ears. When from any cause it becomes ulcerated, it is an 

 unsoundness. 



Passage. A French term, signifying a short and very 

 light trot, in which each fore limb, in its turn, when it is 

 raised to the highest point, is poised in the air for an instant, 

 and is bent at the knee and fetlock. Similar to the Spanish 

 walk, and Spanish trot. 



Pastern. The short column of bones which is placed 

 between the fetlock and the hoof; in comparative anatomy 

 corresponding to the first phalanx of the middle finger of the 

 human hand, or the first phalanx of the toe on the human 



