200 HANDBOOK OF THE TURF. 



horn in front of the laminae of the toe, separating the coffin- 

 bone from the hoof-wall. Its presence stamps the horse as 

 unsound. 



Pumping. The act of lifting a horse by the bit, or 

 pulling back on him, when in a race, then letting him out, 

 and repeating the operation constantly, to induce speed ; urging 

 a horse by the reins, as, "in the last heat Vet. Hanscomb 

 pumped Honest John half the way round." 



Punisliment. Any fine, or other penalty imposed by the 

 judges upon a horse, rider or driver, for any improper con- 

 duct or attempted wrong during a heat or race. All such 

 punishments may be inflicted without notice or warning. The 

 unnecessary or unwarranted flogging of a horse during a race 

 or heat. 



Punter. [Eng.] One who lays a wager against a 

 book-maker. 



Pure Gaited. A horse that trots squarely, without 

 hitching, crossing, overreaching or swinging out ; a perfectly 

 balanced trotter — such a horse is said to be "pure gaited." 



Purse. A specified sum of money, or other prize, 

 offered by an association for a race, to which an entrance fee 

 may, or may not, be required. Where an entrance fee is 

 required, it is not returnable on the death of the horse or his 

 failure to start. 



Push ; Push Him. A term used to indicate that a 

 driver or rider is urging, or forcing his horse; when such 

 extra force is being used, it is said that he is "pushing him," 

 or " pushing his horse." 



Put Up. When judges are dissatisfied with the manner 

 in which a horse is being ridden or driven, they have the right 

 to put another rider or driver in the saddle or sulky ; and this 

 is termed to " put up," or putting up. For such act no inter- 

 ference can be made by the owner, rider or trainer ; and any 

 driver or jockey who refuses to be put up, may be at once 

 ruled off the course. 



