344 HANDBOOK OF THE TURF. 



Stand ; Grand Stand. The principal stand, or pavil- 

 ion, from which persons witness the contests of speed at race 

 meetings. 



Stand-house. An elevated court of great magnificence 

 built by Charles II., of England, at Newmarket, about the year 

 1367, to enable him to see the races; and where the royal 

 guests were received. 



Standard. A horse is standard when his breeding 

 meets the requirements of the rules controlling admission to 

 standard rank. Down to and including volume third of the 

 American Trotting Register, (1879), no standard of blood had 

 been requisite to admission, the aim having been to ascertain and 

 record the facts regarding a pedigree without reference to the 

 trotting inheritance. But with volume four, (1882), the pedi- 

 grees commenced to be numbered consecutively ; and appeared, 

 based upon a standard, the rules of which had the sanction of 

 the ISTational Association of Trotting Horse Breeders. These 

 rules were formulated in order to define what was meant by a 

 standard bred trotting horse, and to establish a breed of trot- 

 ters on a more intelligent basis than had then existed. This 

 standard was fixed upon a trotting record of 2:30, or better ; 

 and the original rules were so framed as to embrace and admit 

 all animals that were believed to have a sufficiently well-defined 

 trotting inheritance to justify the expectation that they would 

 transmit the ability to trot. Equality between the sexes was 

 purposely ignored from the beginning. A mare was given 

 admission by a performance of 2:30 ; but a stallion was obliged 

 to have other qualifications besides performance. This greater 

 stringency with stallions grew out of the purpose to discourage 

 badly bred stallions from being kept for breeding purposes. 

 The standard rules now in force, with the changes to go into 

 effect January 1, 1895, follow: 



First: Any trotting stallion that has a record of 2:30 or 

 better; provided any of his get has a record of 2:35 trotting, 

 or better ; or provided his sire or dam is already a standard 

 trotting animal. 



Second : Any mare or gelding that has a trotting record 

 of 2:30 or better, [whose sire or dam is already a standard 

 animal]. The words in brackets will be added and in force 

 after January 1, 1895. 



Third: Any horse that is a sire of two trotters with 

 records of 2:30 or better. 



Fourth : Any horse that is the sire of one trotter with a 

 record of 2:30 or better, provided he has either of the following 

 additional qualifications: 1, A trotting record of 2:35 or 



