HANDBOOK OF THE TURF. 279 



playing. On tlie fifteentli mile the odds on time declined a little. 

 On the seveiitet'iith a lit)rse was galloped by his side lo encourage 

 liim; on tlie eighteenth it was even betting; on tlie niiieteentli 

 fifty to forty was t)lfered on tiie horse. On eoninienciiig tlie 

 twentieth mile his driver let the liorse ont, and he came in, appar- 

 ently as fresh as when he started, doing Ins twentieth mile the 

 fastest of the match in 2:[Ak. In his stal>le an honr after the match 

 he exhibiteti no distress, and on the following day was as hue as 

 silk.— lU)rse and Horsemanship of the United JStates. Henry William 

 Herbert. 



Truss. A frame composed of two pieces, the top and 

 bottom cords of which are connected by means of braces and 

 stays, so that it shall be incapable of change by any turning of 

 the bars or joints. Hence truss-axle, truss-shaft and truss- 

 wheels are certain forms of these parts of the sulky in the 

 construction of which the principle of the truss is applied. 



Tug" ; Trace. The leather straps attached to the breast- 

 plate, which, connecting with the whippletree, are used for 

 drawing the sulky or buggy. 



Turf. This word came into use when horse racing in 

 England, in the early days of the sport, literally took place on 

 the turf ; that is, on grass fields, sod or turf. But as racing 

 became more and more technical they began to have definite 

 tracks, or courses, and the word has remained, while the thing 

 for which it stood has become obsolete. Hence, in England, 

 as in this country, the word turf means racing, although it 

 applies more especially to the running races, Mobile the dis- 

 tinctive terms — running turf and trotting turf — are now gen- 

 erally used. 



Turfite. An attendant upon races; one who is an 

 authority on turf matters; a person familiar with horses, 

 tracks, racing, records made, and all sports of the turf. 



Turf Circle. The in-field, or ground within the circle 

 of the course ; persons who engage in racing — hence, the " turf 

 circle " has the same meaning, applied to horsemen, as the 

 term " court circle " or " legal circle " would, applied to the 

 members of the legal profession. 



Turf Law. A term which includes the enforcement of 

 the rules of the trotting and running congresses, and the con- 

 sideration of all cases of fine, suspension or expulsion of mem- 

 bers, horses or individuals, which may come before the boards 

 of appeals or review, for adjudication. 



Turf law, in its best sense, shonld be rigidly enforced, by dispensing 

 eqnal and exact justice to all, without feai-, favor or affection. — 

 Kentucky Stock Farm. 



Turning" a Horse. Every horse is said to have a strong 

 and a weak side. In turning a horse, restive under the saddle, 

 turn him on his weak side. 



