386 HANDBOOK OF THE TUKF. 



entitled, from having taken a diploma at a veterinary college, 

 to so use them. 



Vet. A term, for short, given to an unlearned country- 

 horse doctor. 



Veterinary ; Veterinarian. The surgical or medical 

 treatment of domestic animals, especially the horse ; one who 

 practices the science of veterinary medicine and surgery. 



Veterinary Scliools. The first veterinary school in 

 the world was established at La Guillatiere, near Lyons, France, 

 by Claude Bourgelot, in 1762 ; and by a royal order dated 

 June 30, 1764, King Louis XV. gave to this institution the 

 title of the "Royal Veterinary School." The second school in 

 France w^s established at Alfort in 1765. The veterinary 

 institute at Vienna, Austria, was opened in 1767. The Royal 

 Veterinary School at Brussels, Belgium, w^as established in 

 1832. Russia has three veterinary institutes, one each at 

 Kharkov, Dorpot and Kazan, all maintained and regulated by 

 the government. The Royal Danish A'eterinary School at 

 Copenhagen was founded in 1773. The first veterinary school 

 in Sweden was founded at Skara, in 1726. The Royal Veteri- 

 nary School at Stuttgart, Germany, was established in 1796 ; 

 and there are also veterinary schools at Hanover and INIunich. 

 The Veterinary Institute at Berlin was founded in 1786. The 

 Royal Veterinary College, London, England, was founded by 

 St. Bell, a Frenchman, in 1792. The Ontario Veterinary Col- 

 lege was established in 1862 ; and the Montreal Veterinary 

 College in 1866. In this country veterinary colleges have been 

 established as follows : American, New York, 1875 ; Harvard 

 University, Cambridge, Mass., 1882; Chicago, Illinois, 1883; 

 University of Pennsylvania, 1885; Cincinnati, Ohio; Des 

 Moines, Iowa; Kansas City, Missouri, 1892; United States, 

 Washington, D. C. ; McKillop, Chicago, 111. ; Cornell Univer- 

 sity, Ithaca, N. Y., 1894. 



Vice, An imperfection in a horse ; something more than 

 a fault or blemish ; a bad trick. A horse free from vice is one 

 having no bad habits that make him dangerous, or that are 

 injurious to his health, or that in any way diminish his nat- 

 ural usefulness. 



The longer I live the more fully I am convinced that vice in a horse sig- 

 nities cruelty on the part of man. Vice forms no part of a horse's 

 normal condition. — Horse and Man, Rev. J. G. "Wood. 



A vice is a bad habit, and a habit to constitute a vice must either be 

 shown by the temper of the liorse so as to make him dangerous or 

 diminish his natural usefulness, or it must be a habit decidedly 

 injurious to his health. — American and English Law Encyclopaedia. 



List of vices in the horse: Aversion to special objects; backing when 

 harnessed in a carriage ; balking, (when so fixed as to become a bad 



