1589 



1^3' SALISBURY. 87 



a golden snaffle for the encouragement of the races 

 recently established. Soon after the change of mayors 

 in 1602, we find this memorandum : — 



"'March 11, 1603. At this assembly, Mr. Henry 

 Boyle, late mayor, hath brought in and delivered to 

 Mr. James Haviland, now mayor of the City, the 

 golden bell appointed for the races, and given to this 

 City by the Right Honourable Henry, late Earl of 

 Pembroke, and also one golden snaffle, lately given to 

 this City by the Earl of Essex.' "—" The History of 

 Wiltshire," vol. vi., p. 306 (Extracts zn'de Municipal 

 Records of Salisbury, ledger C, fol. 172), by Sir R. C. 

 Hoare, Bart. 



^'' George Clifford, 3rd Earl of Cumberland, was a 

 conspicuous patron, and one of the victims, of the Turf at this 

 period. Educated at the university of Cambridge and at- 

 taching himself to the study of mathematics, imbibing thereby 

 a passion for navigation, that he soon afterwards became 

 eminent as a naval commander, having undertaken at his own 

 expense several voyages for the public service. That, and a 

 passion for horse-racing, tournaments, and similar pursuits, 

 made such inroads upon his fortune, that he was said to have 

 wasted more of his estate than any one of his ancestors. His 

 lordship was elected a Knight of the Garter in 1592.- His 

 character is thus depicted in the manuscript memoirs of his 

 celebrated daughter, Anne, Countess of Dorset and Pembroke : 

 — " He was endowed with many perfections of nature so be- 

 fitting so noble a personage, as an excellent quickness of wit 

 and apprehension, an active and strong body, and an affable 

 disposition and behaviour. But as good natures, through 

 human frailty, are often misled, so he fell in love with a lady 

 of quality, which did by degrees, draw and aliene his love 

 and affections from his so virtuous and well-deserving wife ; 

 it being the cause of many discontents between them for many 



