COST OF EQUIPMENT 



next cut, strike lightly with its back the lumps 

 of earth just turned as they are falling to the 

 ground. Straighten the back between each spad- 

 ing and rest a moment. The brief rest saves the 

 stooped back, and avoids the quick oncoming 

 of fatigue. In the work of lifting, depend upon 

 the muscles of the back and legs, feeling the ten- 

 sion to the toes and lifting, as it were, by that. 

 If the blade be turned very slightly when inserted 

 in the earth, the side edge will act as a wedge and 

 carry it in more readily. If hardened earth or a 

 stone be met, moving the spade gently back and 

 forth will give a better purchase and enough 

 leverage to dislodge fair-sized stones. (Later, 

 the principles of the lever may be illustrated and 

 the reasons for so applying muscular strength.) 

 Spading and raking as well as ploughing and har- 

 rowing if properly and thoroughly done are really 

 more beneficial for many soils than the appli- 

 cation of fertilizers. 



In using the wheelbarrow, demonstrate that 

 the load piled well to the back is the easier to 

 trundle; also the respective values of the grip 

 close to the barrow and of that nearer to the end 

 of the handles. A substitute for the wheelbarrow 

 is the improvised litter carried between two chil- 

 dren, or they may play they are Indians with the 

 savage drag made of crossed poles tied together. 



To sum up: To make an accurate garden esti- 

 mate, or even an approximate one, all conditions 

 must be known. One way to go about it would be 



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