354 The Rose Garden. 



between canina and gallica. R. indica (Linn.), R> chinensis (Jacq.), which was introduced in 

 1789, has given rise to more garden forms than any other species. The type is the familiar- 

 Monthly Rose. The simple flowered form of the plant, long unknown, has lately been found 

 wild by Dr Henry in the mountains of Central China. R. fragrans (Red), R. odoratissima 

 (Sweet), is a deliciously scented form ; R. semperflorens (Curt.) is the ever-flowering China 

 Rose, smaller and more elegant in habit than the type, with 3 to 5 ovate-lanceolate leaflets and 

 solitary deep crimson flowers. R. minima (Curt.), R. Lawrenceana (Sweet), the parent of the 

 Fairy Roses, is not above a foot high, with nearly straight prickles, ovate leaflets, and small 

 semi-double pale blush coloured flowers. The Noisette Roses are hybrids between indica and 

 moschata, the Bourbon Roses between indica and gallica, and the Boursault Roses between 

 indica and alpina. A large flowered white Rose allied to indica, called R. gigantea, has just 

 been discovered in Birmah. To this group belongs the Swiss and Dauphine" R. rubrifolia (Vill.), 

 distinguished from canina by the leaves being tinged with red. 



Fig- 73- ROSA RUBIGINOSA. 



The last group, the RUBIGINOSA, are marked by their scattered prickles, and leaves densely 

 glandular beneath. The type of the group is the common Sweet Briar, R. rubiginosa (Linn.) 

 (see Fig. 73), in which the leaves are strongly scented, and the prickles accompanied by a few 

 aciculi. R. micrantha (Smith), a common wild Rose of the south of England, is about half-way 

 between the Sweet Briar and the Dog Rose. R. agrestis (Savi), R. sepium (Thuill), marked by 

 its trailing habit, small leaflets narrowed at the base, small flowers and naked pedicels, is one 

 of the commonest wild Roses of the south of Europe. Other small-flowered members of this 

 group are the Corsican R. Seraphini (Kr.), and the Caucasian R. ferox (M. B.). R. lutea (Miller), 

 R. Eglanteria (L), the Yellow Eglantine, resembles the Sweet Briar in habit, but the flowers 

 are yellow and the leaves much less glandular. The Austrian Briar (R. punicea) is a mere 

 variety of lutea with petals more or less streaked and flushed with red. 



To fully understand the botanical characters of a Rose one must know (1) Its habit of 

 growth; (2) its prickles, their shape, position on the stem, and relative size; (3) whether the 

 stipules are adnate to the base of the petiole or not ; (4) number, shape, texture, toothing, and 

 vestiture of the leaflets ; (5) the number and arrangement of the flowers to one inflorescence, 

 and whether the pedicels are naked or prickly ; (6) the shape of the calyx-tube and calyx- 

 segments ; (7) the size and colour of the corolla ; (8) the size and shape of the fruit, and whether 

 the calyx-segments are persistent or deciduous. 



