Appendix Botany of the Rose. 355 



The following key will make more clear the leading differential characters of the groups we 

 have adopted. 



Leaves simple, ex-stipulate. L SIMPLICIFOLI^E. 



Leaves compound, stipulate. 



Styles forming a column, protruded beyond the disk. 2. SYSTYL^E. 



Styles not united in a column. 



Stipules free, deciduous. 3. BANKSIANJE. 



Stipules adnate to the petiole, persistent. 



Main prickles in pairs at the base of the leaves. 



Fruit persistently pilose. 4. BRACTEAT^E. 



Fruit glabrous. 5. CINNAMONE^E. 



Prickles scattered. 



Prickles passing gradually into numerous aciculi and setae. 



Leaves not rugose ; large prickles, long and slender. 6. PIMPINELLIFOLLS:. 

 Leaves rugose ; coriaceous large prickles, short, stout. 7. CENTIFOLIJB. 

 Prickles comparatively few, equal. 



Prickles slender ; leaves not, or but little, glandular 



below. 8. VILLOS^!. 



Prickles stout, hooked ; leaves glabrous or but little 



glandular below. 9. CANINE. 



Leaves very glandular beneath. 10. RUBIGINOS^:. 



We may reduce the groups to six by uniting the Bracteatce to the Cinnamonece; the 

 Centifolice to the Pimpinellifolice; and the Villosce and Rubiginosce to the Canince. In this 

 way the great mass of the Roses will form three groups, characterised by their prickles, 

 which may be called Diacanthce, Heteracanthce, and Homocanthce. 



THE ENTOMOLOGY OF THE ROSE.* 



'"PHERE are few practical cultivators who will not admit that much of the success of Rose 

 growing depends upon the keeping of the plants free, either entirely or to a great extent, 

 from certain insect pests which are found at all times and under all conditions to a greater 

 or less degree attached to this flower. No sooner do the plants begin to put forth their 

 leaves than the same warmth present in the atmosphere (whether artificially produced under 

 glass or prevalent out of doors with the return of spring) which prompts the ascent of the 

 sap serves also to revivify the germs of insect life present in the egg of certain moths, saw 

 flies, and aphides, and to re-awaken to full life and activity such as may have passed the 

 winter in the caterpillar or chrysalis state, and as summer advances fresh broods arise to 

 carry on the work of destruction, and beetle and bee lend their aid in marring and destroying 

 the beauty of the flowers and foliage. Small as they are, and low in the scale of creation, we 

 have here no insignificant foes, and their very minuteness, combined with the variety of means 

 they exercise to attain their ends, renders the study of their habits necessary in order to 

 combat them, and at the same time delightful from the great diversity manifested in their 

 economy and operations. Some work in the dark, eating their way in the pith of the young 



* For this paper on the Entomology of the Rose I am indebted to my son, Mr Arthur William Paul. 



