DISEASES OF THE ROSE. 197 



their cells, they come out of the ground early in August, and lay 

 their eggs for a second brood of young. These, in turn, perform 

 their appointed work of destruction in the autumn ; they then go 

 into the ground, make their earthen cells, remain therein through- 

 out the winter, and appear in the winged form, in the following 

 spring and summer. 



" During several years past, these pernicious vermin have infest- 

 ed the rose-bushes in the vicinity of Boston, and have proved so 

 injurious to them, as to have excited the attention of the Massa- 

 chusetts Horticultural Society, by whom a premium of one hun- 

 dred dollars, for the most successful mode of destroying these 

 insects, was offered in the summer of 1840. About ten years 

 ago, I observed them in gardens in Cambridge, and then made 

 myself acquainted with their transformations. At that time they 

 had not reached Milton, my former place of residence, and have 

 appeared in that place only within two or three years. They 

 now seem to be gradually extending in all directions, and an ef- 

 fectual method for preserving our roses from their attacks has 

 become very desirable to all persons who set any value on this 

 beautiful ornament of our gardens and shrubberies. Showering 

 or syringing the bushes with a liquor, made by mixing with water 

 the juice expressed from tobacco by tobacconists, has been recom- 

 mended ; but some caution is necessary in making this mixture 

 of a proper strength, for if too strong it is injurious to plants ; and 

 the experiment does not seem, as yet, to have been conducted 

 with sufficient care to insure safety and success. Dusting lime 

 over the plants when wet with dew has been tried and found of 

 some use ; but this and all other remedies will probably yield in 

 efficacy to Mr. Haggerston's mixture of whale-oil soap and water, 

 in the proportion of two pounds of the soap to fifteen gallons of 

 water. Particular directions, drawn up by Mr. Haggerston him- 

 self, for the preparation and use of this simple and cheap appli- 

 cation, may be found in the " Boston Courier." for the twenty- 

 fifth of June, 1841, and also in most of our agricultural and hor- 

 ticultural journals of the same time. The utility of this mixture 

 has already been repeatedly mentioned in this treatise, and it 

 may be applied in other cases with advantage. Mr. Haggerston 

 finds that it effectually destroys many kinds of insects ; and he 

 particularly mentions plant-lice of various kinds, red spiders, 

 canker-worms, and a little jumping insect which has lately been 

 found quite as hurtful to rose-bushes as the slugs or young o'f the 

 17* 



