BOTANICAL CLASSIFICATION. 229 



57. R. CANI V NA Lin. The common Dog Rose. 



Identification. Lin. Sp., 704; Don's Mill., 2, p. 579. 



Synonymes. R. dumalis Beclist. Forstb., 241, and 939, ex Ran; R. andegavensis 

 Bat. Fl. Main, et Loir., 189, Red. Ros., 2, p. 9, t. 3 ; R. glaiica Lois, in Desv. Journ. ; R. 

 arvensis Sckrank Fl. Mon. ; R. glaucescens Mer. Par. ; R. nitens Mer., 1, c ; R. ten- 

 eriffensis Donn Hort. Cant., ed. 8, p. 169 ; R. senticosa Achar. Acad. HandL, 34 p. 91, 

 t. 3. 



Spec. Char., dfaf Prickles strong, hooked. Leaflets simply serrated, pointed, quite 

 smooth. Sepals pinnate. Fruit ovate, smooth, or rather bristly, like the aggregate 

 flower stalks. Native throughout Europe, and the north of Africa ; plentiful in Britain, 

 in hedges, woods, and thickets. Flowers rather large, pale red, seldom white. Fruit 

 ovate, bright scarlet, of a peculiar and very grateful flavor, especially if made into a con- 

 serve with sugar. The pulp of the fruit, besides saccharine matter, contains citric acid, 

 which gives it an acid taste. The pulp, before it is used, should be carefully cleared 

 from the nuts or seeds. A shrub, growing to the height of 6 ft. or 10 ft., and flowering 

 in June and July. 



58. R. FO'RSTERI Sm. Forster's Dog Rose. 



Identification. Smith Engl Pl. t 2. p. 302; Borr. in Eng. Bot. SuppL, 2611 ; Don's 

 Mill., 2,' p. 580. 



Synonyme. R. collina /? and y, Woods in Lin. Trans., 12, p. 392. 



Spec. Char., fyc. Prickles scattered, conical, hooked. Leaflets > simply serrated, 

 smooth above, but hairy on the ribs beneath. Sepals doubly pinnate. Fruit elliptical, 

 smooth, like the aggregate flower stalks. A native of Europe, in hedges ; plentiful in 

 England. Flowers pale red. A shrub, growing to the height of from 6 Ft. to 8 ft. ; flow- 

 ering in June and July. 



59. R. DUMETO X RUM Ttiuill. The Thicket Dog Rose. 



Identification,. Thuil. Fl. Par., 250; Bor. in Eng. Bot. SuppL, t. 2610; Don's Mill., 

 2, p. 580. 



Synonymes. R. leucantha /? acutifolia Bast, in Dec. Fl. Fr., 5, p. 535 ; R. sepium 

 Borkh. ex Ran. Enum., 79; R. solstitialis Bess. Prim. Fl. Gall., 324; R. corymbifera 

 Gmel. FL. Bad. Als., 2, p. 427. 



Spec. Char., <f*c. Prickles numerous, scattered, hooked. Leaflets simply serrated, 

 hairy on both surfaces. Sepals pinnate, deciduous. Peduncles aggregate, slightly 

 hairy. Fruit elliptical, smooth, as long as the bracteas. Native of Europe, in hedges ; 

 and found, in England, in the southern counties, but seldom in any abundance. Flow- 

 ers reddish. A shrub, growing from 4 ft. to 6 ft. in height, and flowering in June and 

 July. 



60. R. BRACTE'SCENS Woods. The bractescent Dog Rose. 



Identification. Woods in Lin. Trans., 12, p. 216; Don's Mill. 2, p. 580. 



Spec. Char. &c. Prickles aggregate, hooked. Leaflets ovate, almost simply ser- 

 rated, downy beneath. Bracteas rising much above the fruit. Sepals pinnate, falling 

 off. Peduncles aggregate, occasionally rather hairy. Fruit globose, smooth. Native 

 of England, in hedges, about Ulverton, Lancashire ; and Ambleton, Westmoreland. 

 Flowers flesh-colored. A shrub, 6 ft. to 7 ft. high, and flowering in June and July. 



61. R. SARMENTA V CEA Swcirtz. The sarmentaceous Dog Rose. 

 Identification. Swartz MSS. ; Woods in Lin. Trans., 12, p. 213; Don's Mill., 2, p. 



Synonymes. R. glaucophy'Ua Winch Geogr. Distrib., 45: R. canina RothFL Germ.. 

 2, p. 560. 



Spec. Char., fyc. Prickles hooked. Leaflets ovate, doubly serrated, smooth, glandu- 

 lar. Peduncles aggregate, smooth or minutely bristly. Sepals pinnate, deciduous. 

 Fruit broadly elliptic, naked. Native of Europe, common in hedges and bushy places ; 

 plentiful in Britain. Flowers pink, and fragrant. Fruit scarlet ; as grateful to the pal- 

 ate, probably, as that of R. canina, with which this equally common plant is generally 

 confounded. A shrub, 8 ft. to 10 ft. high ; flowering in June and July. 



62. R. CJE'SIA Sm. The grey Dog Rose. 

 Identification. Smith Eng. Bot., t. 2367; Don's Mill., 2, p. 580. 

 Synonymes. R. canina pubescens Afz. Ros. Suec. Tent., 1, p. 2 ; /?. canina cae v sia 

 Lindl. Ros., p. 99. 



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