November Autumn Work for Summer 



and pyramid Pear (the latter is distinguished from a 

 bush by the possession of a central stem, and is the 

 form in which the Pear is most conveniently grown); 

 there is the cordon, having one stem, or two or three 

 stems, which may be trained in a perpendicular, vertical 

 or horizontal direction. Further variation is found in 

 those trained in the form of a fan or with the branches 

 disposed in a horizontal direction, in tiers one above 

 the other. Cordons are to be recommended to those 

 who wish to grow as many varieties as possible ; they 

 may be placed against a fence or wall, or trellis in the 

 open garden. Trees having their branches trained in 

 horizontal tiers are often put against a trellis in the 

 open, but they may be grown on a wall, in which 

 position fan-trained trees are usually placed. Apples 

 are not commonly planted against a wall, except in 

 cold districts, or in other localities for the purpose 

 of obtaining fine specimens of rich colour. On the 

 other hand, Pears are particularly suitable for walls ; 

 the flavour of the fruits is more highly developed from 

 trees in such a position than from those in the open. 

 They will, at least in southern and south midland 

 gardens, thrive perfectly in the open garden either 

 as standards or pyramids. 



A proper selection of varieties is of the greatest 

 importance in view of the fact that fruit trees are 

 comparatively slow in coming to maturity. With a 

 few notable exceptions it is doubtful whether it is 

 possible to give a selection that shall be ideal and 

 suited to all districts, because soil and climate exert an 

 influence on fruits. Local varieties, unknown to general 

 cultivation, are grown in certain districts, because, 

 from long experience, it has been found that they are 

 profitable there. Before completing his selection the 

 planter should inquire from local nurserymen or gar- 

 deners whether there are varieties of Apples or Pears 

 with a good repvitation in the neighbourhood. 



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